1. Basic Elements of a Graph
Axes: Y (vertical), X (horizontal)
Axis Labels: Y (R), X (sessions, days, etc.)
Units (numbers) for Y and X axes
Data points: X-Y plots representing values of R across sessions
Phase-change lines: Vertical lines separating experimental conditions
Phase labels: Descriptions of experimental conditions

2. Multiple Plot, More than One Set of Data

3. Multiple Plot, Double-Y Axis (Used when data represent different units of measurement)

4. Bar Graph (Used for Plotting Discontinuous Data)

5. Frequency Plot versus Cumulative Record
Frequency plot: Each data-point value is graphed separately
Cumulative record: Each data-point value is added to the previous value

6. Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical Analysis
Level: Mean (average) value of a set of data

7. Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical Analysis
Trend: Systematic change in level across measurements

8. Characteristics of Data Evaluated via Graphical Analysis
Variability: Degree of fluctuation in a data set around its mean

9. Graphing Activity
Kristen has a problem with spending money, and has been known to spend hundreds of dollars on unnecessary items ea. day. She decided to track her behavior for a week, and then implement an intervention in which she would have her boyfriend ignore her for the evening each time she spent money on unnecessary items. Kristen’s spending data during BL and intervention are listed below.
Baseline Intervention

10. Graphing Activity