1. Civil rights movement challenges and changes 1965-68

2. Northern Segregation
While the civil rights battles were fought in the South, African Americans in the rest of the nation experienced de facto segregation which in many ways was more difficult to deal with than de jure segregation. The anger within the black community grew over discrimination in housing, education and employment. A series of urban riots and conflicts beginning in 1964 and culminating in numerous uprisings in 1967 and 1968 gripped the major U.S. cities.

3. SUPPORT De facto segregation and de jure segregation Watts Riot 1965
Detroit Riot 1967

4. New Leaders and Movements
Beginning with Malcolm X in the early 1960s, a new group of young black leaders emerged. These leaders stressed a more militant and confrontational approach to changing American society. One of the most powerful of these groups the Black Panthers sought to control their own destiny by emphasizing self-defense and preaching armed revolt. Yet they provided essential services to their communities and thus won support within the inner cities.

5. SUPPORT Malcolm X http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRSgUTWffMQ
Black Panthers

6. Death of Dr. King
By 1966 Dr. King and other black leaders began turning more of their attention to the de facto segregation of in the rest of the nation. The civil rights movement met with severe opposition that included threats and violence. Ultimately Dr. King was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a workers in Memphis TN. The urban centers of the U.S. exploded in the worst riots of the decade.

7. Support Riots after murder of Dr. King

8. LEGACY OF THE MOVEMENT
De jure segregation had been successfully defeated yet de facto remained a way of life around the U.S. Blacks had more political and economic rights than ever before and the integration of the races would continue to the present. Yet many blacks continued to struggle in cities and rural areas that provided little material assistance and often limited the opportunities that other Americans enjoyed.

9. SPECIFIC GAINS Increased educational opportunity
Political power is increased
Black culture and contributions to society are recognized
Affirmative action programs