1. Classification
Classification-the placing of information or objects into groups based on certain similarities
Taxonomy- the science of grouping and naming organisms

2. In Aristotle’s system of classification, animals were classified on the basis of their environment(habitat).
Problem:
Didn’t account for animals that live in two kinds of environments
He subdivided plants depending on the size and structure of the plant.

3. Linnaeus’s system was based on physical and structural similarities of organisms
Binomial nomenclature- first word genus, second word species
All scientific names are in Latin
The greater the number of taxa two organisms have in common, the more closely related they are.

4. Kingdom
Group of phyla or divisions
Division-group of plants
Phylum
Group of similar classes
Class
Group of similar orders
Order
Group of similar families
Family
Group of similar genera
Genus
Species
A phylum is related to a class as a family is related to a _____________
genus

5. The Six Kingdoms Phylogeny Cladogram
The evolutionary history of a species
When organisms are classified within the same group, it can be assumed they have a common phylogeny.
Cladogram
Pg 452

6. Prokaryotes Protists Fungi
Bacteria- microscopic, single celled prokaryotes
Escherichia coli, a type of bacteria that lives in the small intestines, is in the kingdom Eubacteria
Protists
A eukaryote that lacks complex organ systems.
What ways are protists and fungi alike?
Can be either unicellular or multicellular
Fungi
A heterotroph eukaryote associated with the decomposition of dead organisms
Similar to plants?
Both remain in one place for life