1. Confined Space Hazards & Controls

2. Injuries and Fatalities
EVERY WEEK CONFINED SPACE HAZARDS RESULT IN:
200 injuries / 10,400 annually of 3.3 million %
2 fatalities / 104 annually of 4, %
Asphyxiation
$ 149,103
$ 164,013
$ 313,116
$ 820,066
$ 1,565,580

3. Objective UPON COMPLETION YOU WILL BE BETTER ABLE TO:
Identify confined space
Identify hazards of a confined space - Potential
Understand primary hazard control method
Avoid hazardous conditions
ACCORDING TO

4. Identifying Confined Space and Hazards

5. Confined Spaces Criteria
3 CRITERIA: 2 types
A space must be large enough to enter and work
Limited accessibility
A space not intended for ongoing occupancy

6. Hazards of Confined Space
HAZARDS INCLUDE:
Engulfment - surrounding and effective capture by a liquid or (flowable) solid, causing filling/ block respiratory system, enough force death by strangulation, constriction, or crushing
Temperature - Cooled or heated by passing material, sun, water cooled ship hule
Utilities - Water, Sewer, Electricity, Gas
Configuration – Baffling, Compartmentalization
Communication

7. Hazards of Confined Spaces
HAZARDS INCLUDE: (No entry w/o calibrated test for O2, Flame. gas/vap., toxic air)
Oxygen levels (< >23.5%, Super burn)
Ignitable substances (combust. dust ≥ LFL)
Toxic substances
Internal mechanism(s) - Isolate
Wildlife
Any other hazards – Fall Hazards, Other workers/contractors

8. Putting it Together (2 types)
CONFINED SPACE + 1 HAZARD (or more) = PERMIT REQUIRED:
Yes
Yes
3 CRITERIA
Big enough to enter?
Limited ingress/egress?
For continuous use?
Is Confined Space
ARE Hazards PRESENT?
Engulfment?
Hazardous atmosphere?
Converging walls or sloped floor?
Any Other Hazards? No No
Yes
Not Confined Space
No Permit
Permit Required

9. Engineering and Administrative Controls

10. Permit Required Space Employer determine if permit-required
Post confined space danger notification
Documented employer program for permitted space access
Generate a permit document to be issued

11. Permit Program Requirements
DOCUMENTED PROCEDURES DETAILING:
Procedure to stop unauthorized entrants
Define and proceduralize safe entry practices (identify hazards, monitor record available)
Provide hazard specific rescue, PPE (rescue services)
Identify personnel, duties, training, emergency responses (attendant, entrants, supervisor)
Coordinate multiemployer information (hazard i.d., location, nature of work, debrief)
And of course, issue entry permits

12. Permit Program Requirements
ENTRY PERMIT DETAILING:
Confined space (time limits, condidion
Hazards (i.d,
Pre entry requirements checklist
Sampling
Emergency response information

13. Alternate Confined Space Entry
ALTERNATE ENTRY MY BE USED WHEN: Employer Certifies
No recognized hazards, or;
Atmosphere is only hazard
Continuous ventilation ALONE mitigates hazard
Safe conditions measured, monitored, documentation available.
THEN NO PERMIT REQUIRED
Additionally, permit allows removing hazard(s), reclassification

14. Hazard Control Equipment and PPE

15. Work Equipment ALTERNATE ENTRY MY BE USED WHEN: Movable fences
Hard hat
Light
Gas meter
Radio communication

16. Rescue Equipment ALTERNATE ENTRY MY BE USED WHEN: Resuscitator
Stretcher
Body harness
Tripod and fall arrest

17. Review Questions

18. Questions

19. Questions

20. Questions