1. Enzymes

2. SOL: BIO 3 b & c OBJECTIVE:
To investigate and understand the chemical and biochemical principles essential for life.
Key concepts include-
b) the structure and function of macromolecules
c) the nature of enzymes.

3. Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.

4. Metabolism
the sum of all biochemical processes

5. 2 Metabolic Processes
Anabolism- the building up of complex molecules
Catabolism- the breaking down of complex molecules

6. Most cells function best within a narrow range of temperature and pH.
At very low temperatures, reaction rates are too slow.
High temperatures or extremes of pH can irreversibly change the structure of proteins and alter their function.

7. The main components of a living cell are:
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
-Phosphorus
-Sulfur

8. Inside every cell is a concentrated mixture of thousands of different macromolecules forming a variety of specialized structures that carry out cell functions, such as:
energy production
transport
waste disposal
synthesis (creation) of new molecules
storage of genetic material.

9. Enzymes: Special Proteins

10. Enzymes
Enzymes are Proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in the body

11. Activation Energy

13. Enzymes are proteins in their final shape
Each enzyme has only one reaction it can help

14. Enzymes are not changed when they perform their function
The same enzyme can be used over and over again

15. The shape is what determines its function
High temperatures or changes in pH can affect the shape of an enzyme and its ability to work
This is called denaturing

16. The place a substrate fits in to an enzyme is called the active site
The enzymes and substrates fit together like a lock and key