1. Court Systems and Administrative Law
Chapter 3
Court Systems and Administrative Law
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2. Two Major Court Systems
Federal court system
Court systems of the 50 states and the District of Columbia
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3. State Court Systems Limited-jurisdiction trial courts
Courts that hear matters of specialized or limited nature
General-jurisdiction trial courts
Courts that hear cases of a general nature that are not within the jurisdiction of limited-jurisdiction trial courts
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4. State Court Systems Intermediate appellate courts Highest state court
Courts that hear appeals from trial courts
Highest state court
Court that hears appeals from intermediate state courts and certain trial courts
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5. Sample State Court System
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6. Special Federal Courts
U.S. Tax Court
U.S. Claims Court
U.S. Court of International Trade
U.S. Bankruptcy Court
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7. US District Courts
District courts are the federal court system’s trial courts of general jurisdiction.
Presently, there are 96 district courts.
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8. US Courts of Appeals
US Courts of Appeals are the federal court system’s intermediate appellate courts.
There are 13 courts of appeals.
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9. US Supreme Court Created by Article III of the US Constitution
Highest court in the U.S.
Located in Washington, D.C.
Composed of nine justices who are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate
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10. Types of decisions Unanimous Majority Plurality Tie
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11. Federal Court System
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12. Jurisdiction of Federal and State Courts
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13. Jurisdiction of Courts
Standing to sue—the plaintiff must have some stake in the outcome of the lawsuit
Jurisdiction—the authority of a court to hear a case
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14. Types of Jurisdiction
In personam jurisdiction—jurisdiction over the parties to a lawsuit
In rem jurisdiction—jurisdiction to hear a case because of jurisdiction over the property involved in the lawsuit
Quasi in rem jurisdiction—jurisdiction which allows a plaintiff who obtains a judgment in one state to try to collect the judgment by attaching property of the defendant located in another state
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15. Long-Arm Statutes
Long-arm statute—a statute that extends a state’s jurisdiction to nonresidents who were not served a summons within
the state
Forum-selection clause—contract provision that designates a certain court to hear any dispute concerning nonperformance of the contract
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16. Venue
Venue requires lawsuits to be heard by the court with jurisdiction closest to the location where incident occurred or parties reside.
Change of venue may be requested in order to find impartial jury.
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17. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall.