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Published byWalter Raul Carvalhal Modified over 5 years ago
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V (in Volts) = Potential EPE (in Joules) = Electric Potential Energy
Make sure that we understand the difference between Potential and Electric Potential Energy: V (in Volts) = Potential a property of a certain position in an Electric Field with or without charges placed there E - EPE (in Joules) = Electric Potential Energy a property of charges placed at a certain position in an external Electric Field + E
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Conservation of Energy
in an Electric Field If a charged particle gains kinetic energy in an electric field, it loses an equivalent amount of potential energy. Point B is at a lower electric potential than is point A. Points B and C are at the same electric potential. The gain in kinetic energy depends only on the potential difference and not the path taken.
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An electron acquires x J of kinetic energy when it is accelerated by an electric field from plate A to plate B. What is the potential difference and which plate is at the higher potential? A B E Plate B has a positive charge and is at a higher potential.
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x =1.00 cm q = 1.60 x C E = 2000 N/C m = 9.1 x kg q m x E [2] a) Find the speed of the charge at the lower plate. b) Find the potential through which the charge moves.
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E q x m x =1.00 cm q = 1.60 x C E = 2000 N/C m = 9.1 x kg d) Find the acceleration of the charge. c) Find the force on the charge as it moves. or
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Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
What is the Potential at this point? q Notes: 1) Include the sign of q in your calculation! (+ or -) 2) Potential Difference can also be calculated: V = V2 – V1 3) The equation can also be used for a charged sphere: + r Total charge Distance from center 4) Electric Potential is a scalar not a vector V = V1 + V2 + V3 + … (an algebraic sum, not a vector sum)
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Electric Potential due to a System of Point Charges
For a system of point charges Qi at distances ri from a point P: Q1 Q4 Q3 Q2 P r1 r2 r3 r4 … an algebraic sum of scalars!
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Electric Potential Due to Point Charges
Electric potential at a distance r from a positive charge Q Electric potential at a distance r from a negative charge Q
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[4]What is the electric potential at a distance of 2
[4]What is the electric potential at a distance of x m away from a proton? +q -q P d [5] Find the potential V at point P due to the four charges.
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[6] The +4 μC charge is located at 4 m on the x-axis and the -6 μC is located at +2 m on the y-axis as shown below. Calculate the magnitude and determine the direction of the electric fields at the origin due to the +4 μC charge and due to the -6 μC charge. b) Calculate the electric potential at the origin. c) Calculate the work done to bring a +4 μC from infinity to the origin. Ans: N/C, 100o from +ve x axis; -18,000 V; J
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