1. HOW TO ENGAGE COMMUNITY MEMBERS IN OUTCOME EVALUATION?
HSCI – Spring 2013
Binod Sharma
April 4th, 2013

2. Overview Introduction of Community Engagement
Concept of Outcome Evaluation
Community Engagement Process
Factors Contributing to the Success
Limitations & Challenges
Summary

3. What is Community Engagement?
“It is a powerful vehicle for bringing about environmental and behavioral changes that will improve the health of the community and its members. It often involves partnerships and coalitions that help mobilize resources, influence systems, change relationships among partners, and serve as catalysts for changing policies, programs, and practices” (Fawcett et al., 1995).

4. Approaches of Community Engagement
Passive approaches
Proactive approaches
Just inform people about the decisions
Doesn't bring them into the decision making process
May not address their issues
Collaboration with other people or agencies
Empower and self motive
Priorities on their issues
Play active role in social change
Responsible and aware on social issues

5. What is Outcome Evaluation?
Skills, attitude and knowledge
Behavioral changes: quit smoking
Changes in individual conditions: health condition
Changes in social conditions: educational status
Institutional changes: policies or practices

6. Types of Evaluation 1. Formative Evaluation 2. Process Evaluation
3. Summative Evaluation

7. Summative Evaluation Short-term Outcomes:
Immediate changes in individuals’ or participants’ awareness, knowledge, or behavior
Its prediction of long-term outcomes?
Long-term Outcomes:
Assess the larger impacts of a program on a community
Implement in the community?

8. Eating Behavior of Student in SFU
Program Logic Model
Eating Behavior of Student in SFU
Activities
Short-term outcomes
Staffs
Student
Residents
Data Sources
National data
Provincial data
Communal data
Equipment
IT hardware and software
Lab
Questionnaire
Others
Funding
Community support
Increase percentage of healthy eating student
Increased in health information sharing trend
Ongoing monitoring trend in eating behaviour of Students
Increase in evidence based interventions planning and evaluation.
Collaborate with local agencies
Management of require fund
Recruitment of manpower
Trained health professional
Conduct work shop and awareness campaigns
Encourage people to participate in social work
Conduct health related program
Supervise and monitor program
Ensure the participation of community member in each program
Provide regular feedback
Link existing data sources
Insure data security and confidence
Disseminate the program information
Inputs
Long-term outcomes
Positive changes in eating behavior and improve quality of life

9. Outcome Evaluation Process
Clarify intentions and expectations
Define the project activity
Develop outcome indicators
Data collection(mail or self administration)
Analysis and reporting(tables, figures, videos, stories)
Disseminate the results
Use of results to inform future planning

10. Major Issues of Community Engagement
Trying to solve complex issues
Multiple social sectors are included in the process (i.e. government agencies, community members)
Identify local priorities rather than exclusive problems
It always try to slove the complex issues of community which very difficult to slove by individual efforts. In this process multiple social sector can involve such as government agency, NGO, INGOs, local agencies, but this process much focus on local priorities.

11. Major Issues of Community Engagement (cont’d)
Consider more collaboration and social inclusion
Create vision and change
Sharing responsibilities and leaderships
Focus on empowerment and motivation
Avoid discrimination and injustice
It should be consider on collaboration with people, community and organization but it should make sure the inclusion of all people. That collaboration of people should create a vision that change the person or community positively. Responsibilities and leadership of any work should share. It should always empower the people and community as well need to motive them for further change. This kind collaboratively work should bring any kind of discrimination and injustice in the society.

12. Factors Contributing to the Success
Environmental
History of collaboration in the community
Collaborating group
Favorable political and social climate
Membership 
Mutual respect, understanding, and trust
Appropriate cross-section of members
Ability to compromise
Process/Structure
Members feel ownership
Flexibility of collaborating group
Clear rules and guidelines

13. Factors Contributing to the Success (cont’d)
Communication
Open and frequent interaction
Informal and formal channels of communications
Purpose
Goals clear and realistic to all partners
Resources
Sufficient funds
Skilled manpower

14. Benefits of Community Engagement
Improve target and effectiveness of services
Performance evaluation of agencies, organizations, and partnerships
Build community ownership, development, and leadership
Cooperative working and empowering community members
Take more responsibility for what is happening

15. Benefits of Community Engagement (cont’d)
Higher quality solution
Develop the positive attitude and build trust
Focus on social justice by ensuring a political, social and economic priority (equity)
Connect people and resources

16. Disseminating the Results
After analysis and interpretation the findings
Comparison data with baseline information, control group or sample population
Report should disseminate the information to the public
Make sure that all community members are participating
Maintain high levels of confidentiality.

17. Summary Summary Encourage and empower the public
Make them more responsible
Increase collaboration and cooperation
Trends in information sharing habits
Improve quality of life

18. References:
Fawcett, S. B., Paine-Andrews, A., Francisco, V. T., Schultz, J. A., Richter, K. P., Lewis, R. K., ... & Lopez, C. M. (1995). Using empowerment theory in collaborative partnerships for community health and development. American journal of community psychology, 23(5),

19. Questions/ Comments ?