1. International Workshop
Global Compact on Migration Promises and Paradoxes & Need for Global, Regional and National Responses
International Workshop
25-30 November, 2018, Culcutta
Buddha Singh Kepchhaki
PNCC, Kathmandu, Nepal

2. Outline Context at National & International Level
Grievance of migrant population in general
Initiation & Status of GCM
Promises & Objectives
Paradoxes: conflict of interest
Way Forward

3. Context International migration at high peak
Trends of migrating to developed countries
More push factors than pull factors
258 million migrant population at global level
32 million in gulf and middle east
Category: migrant workers, refugees, asylum seekers

4. Grievances in General Homelessness Insecurity Self Humiliation
Mental & Physical Torture
Restriction in Mobility
Exploitation
Sexual Abuses

5. Initiation & Status of GCM
UN General Assembly on 19th Sept, 2016 on migration and refugee issues
NY Declaration for Refugees & Migrants: 193 UN nations in recognized need for a comprehensive approach to human mobility & enhanced cooperation
Series of consultations and negotiations through an open, transparent and inclusive process to draft on GCM
Consultations as per the 6 different thematic issues with 24 sub-headings identified by The New York Declaration

6. Status and Negotiations on GCM
Global Level
First Intergovernmental Negotiations in NY February 2018
Intergovernmental Negotiations on March 2018 at UN HQ
GCM draft adoption in Morocco in December, 2018
In Nepal
On 15th August, 2017 Ministries and Departments of the GoN
Dissemination of Nepal’s Position Paper on 12 January, 2018
Multi-Stakeholders Consultations :
On 30th August 2017
On 6th September 2017
On 21 December 2017
Meeting of CP member on September 13th, 2018

7. What is GCM?
a non-legally binding agreement grounded with cooperative approach to optimize the overall benefits of migration
framed in consistent with target 10.7 of the 2030 Agenda for SDG
tries to address risks and challenges for individuals and communities in countries of origin, transit and destination.

8. “Making Migration Work for All”
Values and Principles
common Understanding and Shared Responsibilities, and Unity of Purpose on migration
people-centred & international cooperation
rule of law, due process & sustainable development
human rights, gender-responsive, child-sensitive,
“Making Migration Work for All”

9. Promises ?
commitment from Member States to cooperate internationally to facilitate safe, orderly and regular migration
protection of the safety, dignity and human rights and fundamental freedoms of all migrants, regardless of their migratory status, and at all times
promotes the well-being of migrants and the members of communities in countries of origin, transit and destination
commitment to eliminate all forms of discrimination, including racism, xenophobia and intolerance against migrants & their families
contribution to enhanced/strengthened cooperation on international migration in all its dimensions by developing a cooperative framework
forge Common Understanding and Shared Responsibilities, and Unity of Purpose on migration

10. Thematic Clusters
One: The human rights of all migrants; social cohesion; inclusion; and all forms of discrimination, including racism, xenophobia, and intolerance Two: Addressing the drivers of migration, including the adverse effects of climate change, natural disasters, and human made crises, through protection and assistance, sustainable development, poverty eradication, conflict prevention and resolution Three: International cooperation and governance of migration in the cycle of governance Four: Contribution of migrants and diaspora, to all dimension of sustainable development, including remittance, and probability of earned benefits Five: Smuggling of migrants, trafficking in persons and contemporary forms of slavery, including appropriate identification, protection and assistance to migrants and trafficking victims Six: Irregular migration and regular pathways, including decent work, labour mobility, recognition of skills and qualifications, and other relevant measures

11. Core Objectives of GCM
Collect and utilize accurate and disaggregated data as a basis for evidence-based policies
Minimize the adverse drivers and structural factors that compel people to leave their country of origin
Provide accurate and timely information at all stages of migration
Ensure that all migrants have proof of legal identity and adequate documentation
Enhance availability and flexibility of pathways for regular migration
Facilitate fair and ethical recruitment and safeguard conditions that ensure decent work
Address and reduce vulnerabilities in migration
Save lives and establish coordinated international efforts on missing migrants
Strengthen the transnational response to smuggling of migrants

12. Core Objectives Contd ………
Prevent, combat and eradicate trafficking in persons in the context of international migration
Manage borders in an integrated, secure and coordinated manner
Strengthen certainty and predictability in migration procedures for appropriate screening, assessment and referral
Use migration detention only as a measure of last resort and work towards alternatives
Enhance consular protection, assistance and cooperation throughout the migration cycle
Provide access to basic services for migrants
Empower migrants and societies to realize full inclusion and social cohesion
Eliminate all forms of discrimination and promote evidence-based public discourse to shape perceptions of migration

13. Core Objectives Contd ………
Invest in skills development and facilitate mutual recognition of skills, qualifications and competences
Create conditions for migrants and diasporas to fully contribute to sustainable development in all countries
Promote faster, safer and cheaper transfer of remittances and foster financial inclusion of migrants
Cooperate in facilitating safe and dignified return and readmission, as well as sustainable reintegration
Establish mechanisms for the portability of social security entitlements and earned benefits
Strengthen international cooperation and global partnerships for safe, orderly and regular migration

14. Paradoxes: Conflict of Interest
developed countries
more focus on immigration and refugee issues
threat to their national security and economic order
developing countries and countries
migration, a natural phenomena contributing to the economy and development of receiving countries
treatment based on the principal of human rights and justice whether regardless of migratory status.

15. Way Forward
concerted efforts at global, regional, national levels, including UN system
build on the technical expertise and experience of relevant agencies within the UN system to support the efforts of Member States in implementation of objectives & actionable commitments
Employ the technical expertise of the Regional Economic Commissions and UN country Teams to support implementation efforts of Member States at regional & national levels
Align and review the set-up of the UN system on migration with the ongoing management and development system reform initiatives in order to ensure system-wide coherence

16. Way Forward Contd…….
Strengthen the role of the IOM in the UN system for the full and effective implementation of the Global Compact
Establish a capacity-building mechanism that allows Member States, the UN and other stakeholders, including the private sector and philanthropic foundations, to contribute technical, financial and human resources to strengthen capacities of national & subnational authorities on migration
bring our national actions and cooperation frameworks at all levels in line with the objectives and actionable commitments herein, taking into account our countries’ specific migration realities and priorities
Implement the Global Compact in cooperation and partnership with civil society, migrant and diaspora organizations, cities and local communities, the private sector, trade unions, parliamentarians, National Human Rights Institutions, academia, and the media

17. Thank You