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Work, Energy and Power
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Reaction Rocket
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Work A force is said to do work if, when acting, there is a displacement of the point of application in the direction of the force. Measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement.
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Work (Constant F)
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Dot Product
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Linear Work (F constant)
W = F Dr cosq F q r
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Linear Work (F not constant)
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Work by a non-constant force
Work is the area under the F vs. x curve
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Work = change in mechanical energy
Work Energy Theorem W = DE Work = change in mechanical energy
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The sum of the potential and kinetic energies
Mechanical Energy The sum of the potential and kinetic energies U = potential energy K = kinetic energy E = U + K
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Conservative Force A force is conservative if:
The work done between point A and B is independent of the path The work done around any closed path is zero
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Non-Conservative Force
Friction
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Conservation of Mechanical Energy
If the only work done on an object is by a conservative force, then the mechanical energy of the object is conserved.
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Conservation of Energy
The total energy of an isolated system is conserved. The energy can be transferred from one object to another or transformed from one form to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed.
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Potential Energy
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Work Done By Gravity h mg
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Gravitational Potential Energy
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Hooke’s Law x
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Work Done By A Spring
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Elastic Potential Energy
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Work by Net Force v2 = 20 m/s v1 = 10 m/s
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Kinetic Energy
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Net Work = change in kinetic energy
Work Energy Theorem, Pt. 2 Wnet = DK Net Work = change in kinetic energy
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Power
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Power (alternate equation)
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Energy Diagram A diagram that displays energy as a function of displacement Normally used to display potential energy
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General Form Unstable Equilibrium Neutral Equilibrium
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Circular Motion
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