1. Feudalism in the Middle Ages
How did people live in the Middle Ages?

2. Violence all Around
Invaders threatened the population of Western Europe.
Magyars (Hungarians) invaded from the area around modern-day Hungary. They raided into Germany, Italy, and other parts of Western Europe.
Muslim invaders came from the South. They conquered the area of Spain and the island of Sicily.
Vikings were the greatest and boldest of the invaders. They originated in Scandinavia in Northern Europe. Vikings were ruthless and they targeted monasteries, farms and villages. They chose these targets because they were usually poorly defended.

3. European Invaders

4. Ineffective Kings Kings were powerless against these invaders.
The invaders were swift and the kings could not mount a defense before the invaders had come and gone.
As a result, the responsibility for protection fell to local lords. These lords promised to protect the people and their homes in their area .
In return the people pledged their service and loyalty to this lord.
This system of loyalty and protection became known as feudalism.

5. Feudalism
The system of organizing people in the Middle Ages through the exchange of land and service
Example: A king gives a noble a piece of land in return for loyalty and military service.

6. King – provides money,. recruits army on demand,
King – provides money, recruits army on demand, grants land to his lords.
Lords and Vassals –
protect the king and
manage the territory.
Knights – protect
both the King
and lords.
Peasants and
Serfs –work
the land.
F E U D A L I S M

7. How the Feudal System Worked
The relationship that created the feudal system is the lord-vassal relationship.
A king or noble granted land to a noble or lesser noble (less power, less money). They became the lord. The piece of land given was called a fief (feef).
The person receiving the land became the vassal of the person who gave them the land. A vassal was to promise loyalty, military service, and even a portion of the crops from their land to their lord.

8. Manorialism

9. Manor System
A manor was a large area of land with farming areas that were built up by nobles during the medieval times.
The manor system was where the majority of people lived during the Middle Ages.
Since much of Europe was devastated by war, powerful lords and ladies built fortified castles where they could live, along with their staff. These massive plots of land became known as manors.
A manor was self-sufficient, meaning that everything needed to survive could be located on the property.
For example, manors had housing for all the people who worked for the lord and lady, food sources, water sources, and specialty shops. Please look at the following diagram, which depicts a typical medieval manor (next slide).

10. Life on a medieval manor

11. Life on a medieval manor

12. Life on a Medieval Manor