1. Causes of the Civil War

2. Important Terms Abolitionist – someone who fought to end slavery
Proslavery Activist – someone who wanted to expand slavery
Free Soil Party – opposed expansion of slavery
Secession – breaking away
Union – the North
Confederacy – the South

3. Fugitive Slave Act Runaway slaves everywhere No trial
Slave returned to owner immediately
People who helped fugitive slaves fined and jailed
North – very angry

5. Personal Liberty Laws
Reaction to Fugitive Slave Laws
Forbid imprisonment of runaways
Guaranteed a trial

6. Underground Railroad Not underground Not a railroad
Symbolic for route to freedom
Conductors
Harriet Tubman
Fredrick Douglas

7. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe
White abolitionist
Story – Uncle Tom whipped to death
Reaction – North mad and South felt attacked

8. Bleeding Kansas
Fighting between proslavery and abolitionists in Kansas
The Sack of Lawrence
Tried to arrest all abolitionists
Pottawatomie Massacre
John Brown
5 men pulled from bed and hands cut off and stabbed with swords
Revenge called for by proslavery activists – fighting continues

9. Creation of Republican Party
Founder – Horace Greeley
Wanted to end slavery
Competition – Know Nothing Party
Candidate - John C. Fremont

10. Dred Scott Decision Lawsuit to gain his freedom
Lost – not a citizen didn’t have the right
Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
North – stunned
South – happy

11. Harper’s Ferry John Brown 21 men (black & white) Goals:
Seize the arsenal
Distribute it to slaves
Start an uprising
10 of Brown’s men killed
Caught and hung for treason

13. Nat Turner’s Revolt Preacher from Virginia 80 followers
Attacked 4 plantations
Killed 60 whites
Captured and hanged
Retaliation 200 blacks killed
Inspired South to defend slavery

14. Election of 1860 Lincoln vs. 4 other candidates
Southerners felt they lost political voice
South Carolina secedes from the Union
Dec. 20, 1860
Goal – Preserve the Union
IMMEDIATE CAUSE OF THE WAR!!!!!!!