1. US Imperialism

2. Built upon the Monroe Doctrine
1823
Colonization of North and South America by European powers was prohibited from that point forward. Any attempts to colonize in the Americas would be viewed as a threat directly aimed at the United States, and that the United States would defend against those threats accordingly.
The United States would avoid any participation in European affairs. This included meddling with existing colonies in North and South America belonging to European countries.

3. List 3 things you see in this cartoon.

4. Commercial/Business Interests (Markets and Raw Materials)

5. Military/Strategic Interests

6. Social Darwinist Theories “TAKE UP THE WHITE MAN’S BURDEN SEND FORTH THE BEST YE BREED GO, BIND YOUR SON TO EXILE TO SERVE YOUR CAPTIVES’ NEED; TO WAIT, IN HEAVY HARNESS, ON FLUTTERED FOLK AND WILD YOUR NEW-CAUGHT SULLEN PEOPLES, HALF DEVIL AND HALF CHILD….” Rudyard Kipling, 1899

7. US Expansion: late 19th & early 20th centuries
Open Door Policy
US has equal access to China’s millions of consumers
Annexation of Hawaii
Naval stations in Hawaii used to protect world trade.
Spanish American War
Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines become US territories

8. America as a Pacific Power

9. Spanish American War
The Imperialist Taylor

10. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

11. Spanish Reconcentration Camps

12. Yellow Journalism Joseph Pulitzer Randolph Hearst
“You furnish the pictures
I’ll furnish the war”
Hearst to photographer
Frederick Remington
Randolph Hearst

13. Theodore Roosevelt
Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the McKinley administration.
Imperialist and American nationalist.
Criticized President McKinley as having the backbone of a chocolate éclair!
Resigns his position to fight in Cuba

14. Rough Riders

15. “Remember the Maine to Hell with Spain”
Sent to Havana Harbor: January
Protect US investments and sugar
plantations
2/15/1898

16. Spanish-American War (1898) “Splendid Little War”
-US Declaration of War: 4/21/1898
-Blockade of Cuba
-attack Spanish Manila (a re-supply stop)
-4 mo later: US ground troops occupy Cuba,
Philippines, Guam
-Treaty of Paris, December 1898: independence
To Cuba, military base at Guantanamo,
Puerto Rico and Guam to US, Philippines to US $20 mil

18. The Filipinos aren’t on board…
Three years of war…
An official end in 1902
Thousands of US soldiers and hundreds of thousands of Filipinos died
Next 13 years = guerilla battles
Self-gov’t granted in 1915

19. Sphere of Influence

20. Panama! -Province of Colombia -TR supports secessionist
Move by Panamanian
Revolutionaries
-Revolutionaries declare
Independence
-US quickly recognizes
Panama officially
-Sign a treaty for
US canal rights
$10 mill & $225,000 annual
subsidy

22. Big Stick Diplomacy Teddy Roosevelt
Latin American and Caribbean islands
Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine:
US is the “Policeman” of the region
US right to regulate internal affairs in nations of the region
Haiti, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic

23. Panama Canal

24. Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick

25. “Dollar Diplomacy” (Howard Taft)
Improve financial opportunities for American businesses.
Use private capital to further U. S. interests overseas.
Therefore, the U.S. should create stability and order abroad that would best promote America’s commercial interests.

26. Moral Diplomacy: Wilson
The U. S. should be the conscience of the world.
Spread democracy.
Promote peace.
Condemn colonialism.

27. US Investments in Latin America

28. US Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920’s

29. Uncle Sam…one of the boys?

30. Alaska: Seward’s “Icebox” and “Polar Garden”
1867
$7.2 million
Russians thought it too rough of terrain and too hard to defend…wanted to sell it off for years
Seward: secretary of state to Lincoln and Johnson: ardent expansionist
Criticized for purchase until gold found in 1890’s

31. Hawaii US Missionaries: since 1820’s
US Protectorate by virtue of economic treaties

32. Queen Lili’uokalani
American businessmen retaliate against 1893 uprising (protect plantations)
The USS Maine sinking in establishes need for a Pacific fueling and naval station and senate approves the annexation treaty

33. US annexes Hawaii in 1898

34. OPEN DOOR POLICY Secretary of State John Hay for McKinley
China & Spanish American War
Access to ports
New markets
No country gets special privileges
US maintains a “sphere of influence”

35. The Open Door Policy Secretary John Hay.
Give all nations equal access to trade in China.
Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power.

36. The rise to international power
Washington’s Farewell Address
Monroe Doctrine
Alaska
Hawaii
Guantanamo Bay
Puerto Rico
Guam
Philippines
Panama Canal
Big Stick Diplomacy
Roosevelt Corollary
Dollar Diplomacy
Moral Diplomacy
Open Door Policy
Manifest Destiny
Social Darwinism
White Man’s Burden