1. GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

2. BACKGROUND 1215 - King John forced to sign the
Magna Carta, agreeing to obey laws
& consult with Parliament
(legislature = make laws)
Magna Carta Video
1603 Queen Elizabeth dies James I is King (absolute monarch)
dissolves (gets rid of) Parliament
raises taxes, wages war, persecutes Puritans (those who want to purify the Anglican Church of Catholic influences)

3. CHARLES i 1625 - inherits throne & rules without Parliament
Charles needs $$ from Parliament for wars with Spain & France  forced to sign Petition of Right
monarch cannot raise taxes without Parliament’s consent
monarch cannot imprison people without just cause
he dissolves Parliament again

4. ENGLAND’S CIVIL WAR 1641 - Scotland threatens to
invade England & Charles needs $
again
Parliament tries to limit power  conflict erupts  Civil War
Royalist/Cavaliers support King Charles
Roundheads – opposition army – leader is Oliver Cromwell
Roundheads bring Charles to trial for treason & execute him

5. THE REIGN OF OLIVER CROMWELL
Cromwell becomes military ruler of England (abolishes monarchy)
Puritan Morality:
passes strict laws against “sinful” acts (closes theatres, outlaws gambling /dancing, bans books, etc.)
crushes rebellion in Ireland & takes land for own soldiers
religious toleration for everyone except Catholics (Ireland)
Cromwell dies & new Parliament invites Charles II to rule as King  “RESTORATION”

6. HABEAS CORPUS
Definition: anyone accused of a crime would appear before a judge & either be released to given a trial by jury and cannot be held in prison indefinitely
Charles II dies  James II is King (his brother)

7. James ii and the glorious revolution
He suspends laws, abuses power, appoints Catholics to government office
Parliament invites Mary (daughter of James II) & William to take down James and rule England
James II agrees  NO BLOODSHED = GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

8. CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY ARE ESTABLISHED!
ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS
BILL OF RIGHTS &
CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY ARE ESTABLISHED!
limited monarchy shares power w/Parliament (more government, less royal/absolute power)
individual freedoms (including habeas corpus) guaranteed
House of Commons has “power of purse”