1. New Equilibrium established 
Just the Cl-
Both Na+ and Cl-
concentration →
THE COMMON ION EFFECT
Just the Na+
 Equilibrium established
New Equilibrium established 
time→
--the dissociation of sodium chloride in water--
--and the subsequent perturbing of the system with the addition of hydrochloric acid--

2. Le Chatelier’s Principle
An Equilibrium System that is stressed will respond to the stress in such a way as to counteract it.

3. Le Chatelier’s Principle
An Equilibrium System that is stressed will respond to the stress in such a way as to counteract it.
If the concentration of a substance is increased, the reaction that uses it will be favored until a new equilibrium is established. (Keq remains the same).
If the temperature of a system is increased the endothermic process will be favored until a new equilibrium is established. (Keq changes!)
If the pressure of a system is increased, the reaction that produces fewer gaseous particles will be favored until a new equilibrium is established. (Keq changes!)

4. The Haber Process: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g) + 92 kJ
(typically run at 200 atm, 500 °C with an Fe catalyst!)
Run at high pressures (Haber devised containers to do this)
Remove NH3 as produced
Run at low to medium temperatures
Use a catalyst to speed up