1. Aquaculture: part of the problem or part of the solution?
CĂtĂlin PLATON
ROMFISH – Romanian Association of Fish Producers

2. Romanian hydrological network
Hydrographical network
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
5/20/2014

3. Theoretical water potential
Source
km3/yr
Surface waters
128,124
Inland rivers
40,424
Danube
87,7
Underground waters
12,224
TOTAL
140,348
Source: Romanian Waters National Administration – National Plan for Hydrographic Basins
Development –synthesis – revised in February 2013
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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4. Surface water uses Type of use 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 km3 %
Households
1,23
23,13
1,16
21,24
1,13
16,23
1,12
15,51
1,04
15,14
Industry
3,63
68,36
3,77
69,04
4,75
68,24
5,01
69,39
4,66
67,83
agriculture
0,45
8,47
0,53
9,710
1,08
1,07
14,93
1,17
17,03
Source: Romanian Waters National Administration – National Plan for Hydrographic Basins
Development –synthesis – revised in February 2013
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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5. Surface waters
4864 rivers (72,2% with a catchment area >101 sq.km),
km permanent rivers
3450 natural lakes with 2620 sq.km, out of which only 118 lakes with more than 50 ha
1232 artificial lakes out of which 230 are important
67 hydropower
5 used for one purpose other than hydro power or flood prevention (ex. power plants)
39 used for two purposes other than flood prevention (ex. waterway transport, irrigations, potable water)
119 used for more than two purposes (ex. fish farming, flood prevention, irrigations)
Source: Romanian Waters National Administration – National Plan for Hydrographic Basins
Development –synthesis – revised in February 2013
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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6. Fish production
Source: National Agency for Fishing and Aquaculture, 2014
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7. Inland waters commercial fishing
Source: National Agency for Fishing and Aquaculture, 2014
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8. Aquaculture Production
Source: National Agency for Fishing and Aquaculture, 2014
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9. Fish farming infrastructure
ha ponds and pools
ha dam lakes and reservoirs
ha local communities in Danube Delta
70 ha for trout
ha TOTAL
Source: National Agency for Fishing and Aquaculture, 2014
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10. Reservoirs Ownership Payment pattern Fish stock management
Only natural feed
Yield kg/ha
Low control over the water level on harvest time
Multipurpose
Environmental friendly
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11. Dam Lakes Ownership Payment pattern
Semi-intensive technology, Polyculture
Cages, monoculture
Yield – 300 – 700 kg/ha or 25 kg/m3
Local inputs
Multipurpose
Environmental friendly
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12. Pools Ownership Payment patterns Semi-intensive Polyculture
Yield – 300 – 700 kg/ha
Local resources input
Multipurpose
Environmental friendly
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13. Pond fish farming Ownership Payment patterns Polyculture
Supplementary feed based on local cereals production
Formulated feed for juveniles and first summers old
Yield – 500 to 1200 kg/ha
Multipurpose
Environmental friendly
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14. Water Framework Directive art. 9
Article 9 - Recovery of costs for water services
Member States shall take account of the principle of recovery of the costs of water services, including environmental and resource costs, having regard to the economic analysis conducted according to Annex III, and in accordance in particular with the polluter pays principle.
Member States shall ensure by 2010:
- that water-pricing policies provide adequate incentives for users to use water resources efficiently, and thereby contribute to the environmental objectives of this Directive,
- an adequate contribution of the different water uses, disaggregated into at least industry, households and agriculture, to the recovery of the costs of water services, based on the economic analysis conducted according to Annex III and taking account of the polluter pays principle.
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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15. Water services
‘Water services’ means all services which provide, for households, public institutions or any economic activity:
(a) abstraction, impoundment, storage, treatment and distribution of surface water or groundwater,
(b) waste-water collection and treatment facilities which subsequently discharge into surface water.
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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16. Surface Water Quality Status
64% of all Surface Water Bodies in Romania have been assessed as being at good or better ecological status. Only less than 2% of the SWBs are assessed as being of poor or bad ecological status.
For over 93% of Romania’s SWBs are assessed as being of good chemical status and only less than 7% being of poor chemical status
15 % of the total number of Water Bodies being designated as Heavily Modified, while for the Artificial only 3%. (3rd WFD implementation report – European Commission – COM /2012/670)
RAMSAR Convention covers ha (3,54%) of the national territory
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17. Natura 2000 Network
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18. Major benefits of pond fish farming
Semi-intensive technologies with local inputs
Multitrophic species management
Job creation in rural areas
Integrated with local agriculture and husbandry
Surface water nutrient loading used as natural productivity
Multipurpose infrastructure (angling, tourism, flood protection, irrigation, water reserves, hunting, environmental research potential)
Increasing the land value
Generates wetlands and biodiversity
Landscape value
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19. Aquaculture Ecosystem Approach Principles
Ecological well being
Human well being
Governance
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20. Ecological well being Farming system Ecosystem effects
Production inputs
Site location
Management practices
Ecosystem effects
Biodiversity effects
Water quality
External drivers (droughts, floods)
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21. Human well being Conflict and access rights (user rights conflicts)
Economic factors (employment, investments, marketing)
Inadequate skills
Capacity building dialogue (community attitude, stakeholders involvement)
Benefits (productive and non-productive benefits sharing)
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22. Governance
Lack of political will (centralization, lack of support, lack of certification)
Intersectoral conflicts (conflicts between sectors, strong centralization)
Knowledge (lack of communication, awareness, training, human resources and of Best Management Practices )
Infrastructure (lack of accesibility, of road infrastructure, of facilities)
Compliance (weak implementation, lack of incentives)
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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23. Conclusions
Aquaculture, and especially traditional fish farming needs an ecosystem based approach in terms of WFD and NATURA2000 Directives and must be considered part of the solution
Research should be supported also in extensive and semi-intensive fish farms
Regulations should be specific
Fish farmers should be involved in consultations, dissemination
Knowledge transfer to and from fish farming sector
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
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24. Thank you for your patience!
A.N.P.P. ROMFISH
Calea Chişinăului 43, Pav. Adm., et. 3
Iaşi, România
Sustainable Aquaculture Workshop, 20th/21th May 2014, Vienna
5/20/2014