1. Chapter 15 & 16: Ocean Waters and Dynamics
Salinity = salt content
55% Chlorine salt
30 % Sodium salt
(NaCl = table salt)
7.7% Sulfate salt
Other Salts:
Magnesium salt
Calcium salt
Potassium salt
Miscelleneous salts

2. Ocean Zones
Surface Zone
Transition Zone
Deep Zone
Ocean Bottom

3. One BIG Ocean!
With rocks…
And Ice.

4. The ocean tides are caused by (1) the pull of gravity from the moon
(2) the inertia from the spinning of the earth (3) the lighter pull of gravity by the sun.
Low Tide
High Tide

5. World Ocean Salinity

6. What affects salinity?
Glacial Ice Melting

7. What affects salinity?
Runoff

8. What affects salinity?
Evaporation

9. World Ocean Temperature
Ocean temperatures vary based on the amount of solar radiation received.
More solar radiation is received at the equators and less is received at the poles.
22-Year Time Lapse of Ocean Temperature

10. World Ocean Temperature
Thermocline = layer of ocean water from meters deep where there is a rapid change in temperature.
22-Year Time Lapse of Ocean Temperature

11. Ocean density is affected by salinity and temperature.
World Ocean Density
Ocean density is affected by salinity and temperature.
Freshwater is less dense – no salt.
Ocean water is more dense – high salt.

12. World Ocean Circulation
The water in the world ocean circulates based on its density.

13. World Ocean Circulation
The water in the world ocean circulates based on its density.
El Nino
Interactive Ocean Currents Website
Global Ocean Realm Video and Quiz

14. World Ocean Circulation
The water in the world ocean circulates based on its density.
Interactive Ocean Currents Website
El Nino