1. A dual-vent left heart deairing technique markedly reduces carotid artery microemboli 
F.Paget Milsom, Simon J Mitchell, MB 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 66, Issue 3, Pages (September 1998)
DOI: /S (98)

2. Fig 1
Schematic layout of the dual-vent deairing apparatus (see text for details). (CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; LV = left ventricle; RA = right atrium; SVC = superior vena cava.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

3. Fig 2
Index of microembolic activity (IMA) during each phase of the operation in group 1. (A = 5-minute period before placement of the first sutures; B = end of A to the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass [CPB]; C = 10 minutes following the beginning of CPB; D = from C to the beginning of rewarming; E = beginning of rewarming to 34°C; F = 34°C to aortic declamping; G = aortic declamping until withdrawal of CPB; H = 20 minutes after CPB withdrawal.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )

4. Fig 3
Index of mircroembolic activity (IMA) recorded after aortic declamping in all groups. (group 1 = conventional deairing; group 1a = surgeon conventional deairing with lowest median IMA; group 1b = F.P.M. conventional deairing; group 2 = dual-vent technique; group 3 = nonvented coronary artery bypass grafting.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (98) )