1. Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts: convergences and divergences
Pierre Garrone, Head of the Division of Elections and Political Parties, Venice Commission

2. Equal voting power Inequalities in representation
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Equal voting power
Inequalities in representation
The Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters
A trend towards more severity?
Justified inequalities

3. Representation of national minorities
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Representation of national minorities
The acceptance of specific rules
Exceptions:
Segregation
Inadequacy

4. Gender parity Reluctant constitutional courts? At least one exception
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Gender parity
Reluctant constitutional courts?
At least one exception

5. Electoral systems Is proportionality imposed?
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Electoral systems
Is proportionality imposed?
A specific constitutional provision: an easy answer
No specific provision: the variety of responses
Interventionism v. non-interventionism?

6. Conclusion No uniformity Some common trends?
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Conclusion
No uniformity
Some common trends?
A benchmark: cross-fertilisation

7. Contact us: Thank you! pierre.garrone@coe.int
Equal suffrage in the case-law of European constitutional courts
Contact us:
Thank you!