1. CULTURE

2. What is Culture?
Knowledge, language, values, customs, and materials that are passed on

3. Components Material and Nonmaterial Symbols Language Values Norms
Change
Subcultures/Countercultures
Popular Culture

4. Material v. Nonmaterial
Material- physical/tangible creations used, made, or shared
Dress, totem poles, hijabs, food
Nonmaterial- abstract/intangible creations of society that influence behavior
Laws, social concepts, norms, ideas

5. Symbols
Symbols are anything that meaningfully represents something else
Bald Eagle, Great Wall of China, English Tea

6. Cultural Universals
Are customs and practices that happen across all society
Sports (soccer), appearance, institutions

7. Language
Set of symbols that express ideas and enable people to think and communicate
Same words/phases have different meanings
Gender based
Race and Ethnic based

8. Values
Collective ideas about what is right, wrong, etc in a particular culture
American values include: individualism and achievement
British values: history, tradition, tolerance, democracy
German values: education, punctuality, manners

9. Norms Established rules of behavior or standards of conduct
Formal (written) and informal (unwritten standards)
Folkways-informal, customs that may be violated without much consequence
Mores-strong norms with moral/ethnic can be violated without much consequence
Laws-formal, enacted by legislatures, enforced by formal sanctions

10. Ways of Change Technology
Cultural Lag (gap btw tech and moral and legal)
Discovery-learning
Invention
Diffusion-transmission
Assimilation-coming together

11. Diversity
Subcultures-category of people who share attributes that set them apart from dominant culture
Southern, bikers, LGBT, Trekkie, African American
Counterculture-group that strongly rejects dominant society and seeks alternative lifestyles
Hippies, green movement, Civil Rights, hipsters

12. Culture Shock
Disorientation that people feel when encounter cultures very different from own culture

13. Pop Culture
Popular Culture-activities, products, and services assumed to appeal to middle/working class
Concerts, sports, fads, fashion, movies
High Culture-activities for the upper-middle/upper class who have time and money
Opera, ballet, classical music