1. Chapter 18 Conservation of Biodiversity

2. The 6th Mass Extinction Extinction-
We are currently losing approximately

3. Genetic Diversity
Scientists want to conserve ______________________so that the species can survive environmental change and inbreeding will not occur.
__________ occurs when individuals with similar genotypes, generally relatives, breed with each other.

4. Categories of Endangerment
____________- no known species exist today
___________- species with a high risk of extinction in the future
_____________- species that are likely to become threatened in the future
_______________ - species are widespread and abundant

6. Reasons for loss of biodiversity: HIPCO

7. Habitat Loss

9. Invasive Species
_____________________________- species that live outside their historical range.
___________________- when alien species spread rapidly across large areas.

11. Pollution

12. Climate Change

13. Overharvesting

14. Lacey Act
One of the earliest laws in the U.S. to control ________________________.
First passed in 1900, the act prohibited the

15. CITES
_________________________________________________________________________of Wild Fauna and Flora
Fauna –
Flora -
Developed in _______ to control the international trade of threatened plants and animals.
Today, CITIES is an international agreement between _______________________.

16. Red List
The IUCN keeps a list of _____________ species, known as the red list.
Each country has its own way to monitor and regulate the import and export of animals on the list.
US – Fish and Wild Life Service

17. Conservation Legislation
____________________________________
prohibits the killing of all marine mammals in the U.S. and prohibits the import or export of any marine mammal body parts.

18. Endangered Species Act
Endangered Species Act- first passed in 1973, it authorizes the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to determine which species can be listed as ______________ or _____________ and prohibits the harming of these species.
Threatened -
Endangered –

19. Endangered Species Act
__________ these species is also illegal.
The act also authorizes the government to _______________________that is critical to the species.

20. Convention on Biological Diversity
In ________, nations came together and made a treaty to protect ___________.
The treaty had three objectives:

21. Size, Shape and Connectedness
When designing and managing protected areas we must consider
__________- the area where two different communities come together, typically forming an abrupt transition. Ex. A grassy field meeting a forest.

22. Biosphere Reserves