1. Cell The Cell is the basic unit of life They make up all living things
Hooke-1st person to name the cells (studied cork)
There are around 75 trillion cells in the human body.

2. Cell theory (3 parts)
1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms
3. All cells must come from preexisting cells

3. Examples of cells

4. Organelles (means tiny organs)
Structures that make up the inside of the cell

5. All cells are divided into 2 groups:
Prokaryotic cells (prokaryote)
-cells that lack organelles surrounded by a membrane (no nucleus, DNA is spread out)
-prokaryotes are made of 1 cell (unicellular)
-bacteria are the only prokaryotes

6. Eukaryotic cells (eukaryote)
-cells that have a membrane around the organelles (has a true nucleus)
-most organisms have this type of cell
-most are composed of more than 1 cell (multicellular)
-each organelle has a specific function

7. Plant and animal cells:

8. Cell organelles and functions
Animal and plants have the same cell parts except for the following:
Plant cells
1. chloroplast for
photosynthesis
2. cell wall to protect
and support

9. Animal cells have the following that plants lack:
Flagella and cilia
Flagella-long whip-like
tails for movement
(usually only 1)
Cilia- short whip-like tail
(usually many of these)

10. Parts found in both plant and animal cells

11. cytoplasm
Cyto (means cell) plasm (semi-liquid) the semi-liquid part of the cell that the organelles are found in (like jello)
function: protects
organelles

12. CELL Membrane
-1st layer of animal cell and is the 2nd layer of a plant cell
-is also called the plasma membrane
function: regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Animal cell

13. Nucleus Nucleus- large organelle toward center of cell.
Functions: controls cell processes and houses DNA
DNA-genetic material of cell

14. Parts of nucleus:
Nuclear envelope- surrounds the outside of the nucleus
function: regulates what enters and leaves the nucleus
Nuclear pores- openings in the
nuclear envelope
(also called nuclear membrane)
function: allow substances
to pass
Nucleolus- found inside
the nucleus
function: produces ribosomes

15. vacuole
Large hollow areas
Function:
storage

16. lysosomes Look like M & M’s
Function: float around in cytoplasm digesting waste

17. ribosomes
Tiny dots located throughout cytoplasm and on endoplasmic reticulum
Function:
make proteins

18. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Looks like stacks of worms joined together there are 2 types:
rough endoplasmic reticulum- has ribosome on surface
smooth endoplasmic reticulum- lacks ribosomes
Function:
Smooth ER-
transports proteins
Rough ER- makes
And transports proteins

19. Golgi bodies Also called the golgi apparatus and golgi complex
Function: packages proteins

20. mitochondria structure shaped like peanut
Function: powerhouse of cell/supplies energy

21. Centrioles Look like twizzlers
Function: spindles Attach to these in mitosis

22. microtubules Micro (small) tubules (like tubes)
Make up the cell’s skeleton
Function: support and aids in mitosis

23. Vesicle
Function: used to bring in substances and to expel waste from the cell

25. Study chart. If don’t have a chart, study notes
Cell function test
Tomorrow!!
Study chart. If don’t have a chart, study notes