1. The removal of uremic toxins
Annemieke Dhondt, M.D., Ph.D., Raymond Vanholder, Wim Van Biesen, Norbert Lameire 
Kidney International 
Volume 58, Pages S47-S59 (August 2000)
DOI: /j x
Copyright © 2000 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Protein-bound uremic toxins: Chemical formula, molecular weight, and percent protein binding.
Kidney International  , S47-S59DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2000 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Elution pattern of uremic ultrafiltrate with HPLC. The elution pattern is such that the gradient goes from hydrophilic (left on the chromatogram) to hydrophobic (right). Identified protein-bound uremic solutes: a, indoxyl sulfate; b, tryptophan; c, hippuric acid; d, indole-3-acetic acid, e, CMPF; f, internal standard.
Kidney International  , S47-S59DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2000 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Percentage change in serum concentrations of uremic toxins after correction for hemoconcentration during dialysis with low-flux polysulfone (A), high-flux polysulfone (B), and high-flux cellulose triacetate (C). Symbols are: ▪, creatinine; □, urea; , indoxyl sulfate; , p-cresol; , CMPF. High flux polysulfone or high-flux cellulose tri-acetate vs. low-flux polysulfone. Symbols are: NS, not significant; •, P < 0.05 vs. urea; ••, P < 0.01 vs. urea; *, P < 0.05 vs. creatinine; **, P < 0.01 vs. creatinine.
Kidney International  , S47-S59DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2000 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4 Weekly BUN profiles for hemodialysis and CAPD.
Kidney International  , S47-S59DOI: ( /j x)
Copyright © 2000 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions