1. The Allies Turn the Tide
Ch. 17 Sec. 3

2. Allies Turn to Total War
Governments increase political power
Factories started making war products
Programs to ration food
Raised money with War Bonds drives
Production ended unemployment from depression
Government limited rights of citizens, censored the press, used propaganda to win public support
Women replaced men in the factories and helped in war efforts

3. Allies Forge Ahead 1942-1943 Turning point in the war
Allies win victories on four fronts- Pacific, North Africa and Italy, Soviet Union, and France
Pacific- Battle of Coral Sea- First set back for Japanese
Enemy ships never even saw each other: battle fought by plane from aircraft carriers
Continued wins at Battle of Midway
Japan was unable to launch any more offensive attacks

4. Big Three Plot their Strategy
“Big Three” (US, Britain, France) agreed to focus on finishing the war in Europe before ending the war in Asia
Churchill and Roosevelt feared Stalin wanted to dominate Europe/ Stalin believed West wanted to end communism
Nazi-Soviet Pact borders stood
Churchill/Roosevelt would not open a second front against Germany to relieve Soviet Union troops

5. Allied Victory in North Africa
British led by General Bernard Montgomery fought “Desert Fox” Rommel
Nov. 1942: Battle of El Alamein- Allies halted Axis advances and drove them back to Libya and Tunisia
May 1943, General Dwight Eisenhower advanced into Tunisia and forced Rommel to surrender

6. Allies Advance through Italy
Allies from North crossed to Mediterranean into Italy
American/ British troops landed first in Sicily and then southern Italy
Defeated Italian forces within a month
Italians overthrew Mussolini and signed armistice
Hitler sent troops to aid northern Italy and rescue Mussolini
Allies fought next 18 months to take the north- helped to weaken German army

7. Germans Defeated at Stalingrad
German troops stalled outside Leningrad 1941
1942 Hitler launched new offensive- aimed for the rich oil fields of the south
Only made it to Stalingrad
One of the costliest battles of the war
Hitler and Stalin both determined
Nov. 1942: Soviets encircled their attackers and cutoff supply lines
Jan. 1943: German commander surrendered
By early 1944: Soviet troops advancing to East Europe

8. Allies Push Towards Germany
June 6, 1944: D-Day
Paratroopers dropped in night before
At dawn, thousands crossed English Channel under fire towards Normandy
Aug. Gen. Patten helped Brit./Amer. Troops break through German forces towards Paris
Other Allied forces sailed in from Italy
French resistance rose in Paris to help
Aug. 25, 1944 Allied troops entered Paris
Rest of France was free within a month

9. Allies Continue to Advance
Allied forces entered Belgium as Germany launched a massive counterattack
Battle of the Bulge- lasted more than a month
Both sides took terrible losses
Germans could not break through/ delayed the Allied advance from the West
Soviet Union battled through Germany and advanced on Berlin from the East
Hitler’s support was in decline
By 1945 defeat of Germany seemed inevitable

10. Agreement at Yalta
Feb. 1945: Big Three planned strategy in atmosphere of distrust
Stalin wanted to maintain control of East to protect Soviet Union in the future
Churchill/Roosevelt wanted self-determination of East
Agreed: Soviet Union would enter war against Japan 3 months after fall of Germany- in return Stalin would keep possession of Southern Sakhalin Island, Kuril Islands, & part of Korea
Germany would be divided into 4 zones- US/Fr/Br/SU- free elections in all zones