1. Using Biomarkers in MS: Initiating With the Right Therapy in Clinical Practice

3. This program will include a discussion of data that were presented in abstract form. These data should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.

4. Introduction

5. 2017 McDonald Criteria: CSF to Show Dissemination in Time

6. CSF Oligoclonal Bands as Prognostic Markers

7. Patient Case 1: Janna

8. Patient Case 1: Janna (cont)

9. MRI at Baseline and 6 Months: New Lesions

10. MRI: Presence of Black Holes

11. MRI as a Biomarker to Guide Treatment Decision: Clinician's Assessment of the Case

12. Risk Profiling Biomarkers: Anti-JC Virus Antibody Testing

13. Neurofilaments: From Detection in CSF to Blood

14. Practical Advantages of Measuring NfL in Serum

15. High NfL Levels and Potential Treatment Decision

16. Low or Continuously High NfL Levels and Potential Treatment Decision

17. NfL as a Complement to MRI: Summary of Case 1

18. Real-Life Evidence With NfL in CSF: Influence in Treatment Decision-Making

19. High NfL Levels and Decision to Initiate Therapy: Czech Republic

20. High NfL Levels and Decision to Initiate Therapy: Switzerland

21. High NfL Levels and Decision to Initiate Therapy: United Kingdom

22. Patient Case 2: Suzanne

23. Patient Case 2: Suzanne (cont)

24. Serum NfL Levels as a Predictor of Disease Worsening and Brain and Spinal Cord Atrophy

25. Practical Use of NfL in the Czech Republic

26. Hurdles to Overcome in Practical Use of NfL

27. MRI as a Standardized Biomarker?

28. Brain Atrophy: Focal Cord and Brain Lesions in RRMS and SPMS

29. Baseline Tests for Patients Starting on Anti-CD20 Therapy: Infection Screening

30. Effect of Treatment in Reducing NfL Levels

31. Concluding Remarks

32. Concluding Remarks (cont)

33. Abbreviations

34. Abbreviations (cont)