1. Chapter 17 Classification
Taxonomy - the study of ________

2. Linneaus Grouped things into KINGDOMS
1750
Grouped living things by their PHYSICAL TRAITS
Grouped things into KINGDOMS
Gave all living things a two-part name…
BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
Two Name Naming System
_____ _________ ___________ _____________

3. Kingdom Country Phylum State Class County Order Town Family
Each KINGDOM is further classified into more specific groups,
much like addresses are organized into smaller categories.
Kingdom
Country
Phylum
State
Class
County
Order
Town
Family
Neighborhood
Genus
Street
Species
House Number

4. KINGDOM
PHYLUM
CLASS
ORDER
FAMILY
GENUS
SPECIES

5. Human Classification sapien Animal Chordate Mammal Primate Hominid
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Animal
Multi-cellular consumers
Chordate
backbone
Mammal
Milk-producing hairy
Opposable digits, Bipedal
Stereoscopic vision
Primate
Hominid
Bigger brain, tool making,
Homo
“wise man”
sapien

6. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Animal
Chordate
Mammal
Primate
Hominid
Pan
troglodytes

7. Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Animal
Chordate
Mammal
carnivore
Felidae
Pantera
leo

8. Scientific name
Is an animal’s Genus (Evereadii) and its species (eatibus)

9. Binomial Nomenclature
A two-part naming system
Homo sapien
Common name: Human
Common name: Dog
Canis familiaris
Pantera tigris
Common name: Tiger
Elephas maximus
Common name: Elephant

10. LINNAEUS' SYSTEM HAS LIMITATIONS
Since the Linnaean system focuses on physical similarities alone…molecular studies (genetic sequences) are not considered.
Genetic similarities between two species are more likely than physical similarities to show ___________________________________
COMMON ANCESTORY

11. CLASSIFICATION TODAY
Revealed genetic differences in the DNA sequences of organisms
Classified organisms into 3 DOMAINS
BACTERIA
ARCHAEA
EUKARYA
Carl Woese

12. The Tree of Life ARCHAEA BACTERIA EUKARYA _________________

13. The THREE domains 1. Bacteria Single-celled prokaryotes
Clostridium botulinum
E. coli
Salmonella typhus
Neisseria gonorrhea
Single-celled prokaryotes
One of the largest groups of organisms on Earth
Can be classified by their traits such as:
* Shape
* Their Need for Oxygen
* Whether they cause disease

14. Haloquadratum walsbyi
The THREE domains
2. Archaea
Single-celled prokaryotes, (without a nucleus)
Able to live in extreme environments, (due to the chemical make up of their cell walls
Haloquadratum walsbyi
Acid Mine Drainage

15. The THREE domains "Everything Else" 3. Eukarya
Made up of all organisms with eukaryotic cells
(Eukaryotic: Have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles)
Can be single-celled, colonial, or multicellular
Includes 4 Kingdoms:
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia

16. Animal Kingdom mobility multi-cellular cells have a nucleus consumers
* Eukaryotic
consumers
mobility

17. Plant Kingdom producers cell wall multicellular cells have a nucleus
* Eukaryotic
cell wall
made of cellulose

18. Fungus Kingdom Feeds by absorbing its surroundings cell wall
Except for YEAST which is unicellular
multicellular
cells have a nucleus
* Eukaryotic
Feeds by absorbing
its surroundings
Decomposer
cell wall
made of chitin

19. Protist Kingdom most are unicellular Producer Consumer mobility
some algae are multicellular
most are unicellular
Producer
(Plant-like) or
Consumer
(Animal-like)
cells have a nucleus
* Eukaryotic
mobility