1. The Glutamate Pathway

2. This program will include a discussion of data that were presented in abstract form. These data should be considered preliminary until published in a peer-reviewed journal.

3. Introduction

4. Current Unmet Needs in MDD Treatment

5. Rate of Remission With Conventional Antidepressants: STAR*D

6. Novel Pathways Under Investigation for the Treatment of MDD and TRD

7. Glutamate: The Basics

8. Glutamate System Abnormalities in MDD

9. Glutamatergic Drugs: Summary of RCT Results

10. How Might Glutamate Antagonists Cause a Glutamate Surge
How Might Glutamate Antagonists Cause a Glutamate Surge? Glutamate as a Messenger

11. Interneurons Release GABA and are Regulated by Glutamate Input

12. Ketamine: Mechanism of Action

13. Rapid Antidepressant Effect of Ketamine and Role in Blocking Lateral Habenula Bursts

14. Is Ketamine an Opiate?

15. Esketamine: Change in MADRS Total Score After 28 Days in Adult Patients With TRD

16. Intranasal Esketamine Plus Antidepressant: Phase 3 Studies in TRD

17. Esketamine and Reduction of Suicidal Thoughts

18. Brexanolone Injection in Postpartum Depression: Phase 3 Trials

19. Concluding Remarks

20. Abbreviations

21. Abbreviations (cont)