1. Homework #2 due F 2/23
Bonus #1 due W 2/28

2. How do species change over time?

3. How did the planet get full of people?

4. Non-Coding DNA is used for comparisons between individuals

5. The mutation rate in human mtDNA is one nucleotide change per 20,000 years.OR
A difference of one nucleotide between two people indicates a common relative 10,000 years ago.
Fig 4

6. Relationships of different populations using mtDNA
~150,000ya
7 Daughters of Eve, fig. 1

7. Information flow in cells
CB 5.25
Information flow in cells
Protein

8. Complementary base pairs suggest how DNA replication occurs

9. When DNA is replicated, mutations can occur.

10. CB 13.5
DNA must be replicated before it can be passed on. How it is passed on and how it gets modified impacts evolution.

11. Genes code for proteins via RNA
CB 17.4
Genes code for proteins via RNA

12. Mutations: Sickle-cell anemia
CB 17.23
Mutations: Sickle-cell anemia

13. CB 5.21
Differences in amino acid sequence lead to differences in 3-D shape and different functionalities

14. Correlation of malaria and sickle-cell anemia
CB 23.10

15. How do individuals and groups with different genes arise?
Evolution…
Does it occur?
How does it
occur?

16. Does evolution occur?

17. As DNA changes;
traits change.
Protein

18. Genotype
Phenotype
Genes code for proteins (or RNA). These gene products give rise to traits…
CB 14.6

19. Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce.

20. Evolution: A species’ genetic component changes as the individuals reproduce. These changes are based on how the DNA changes and who reproduces.

21. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O

22. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic X X X O O O X X X O O O O X X X X O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant.

23. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic
Continues to replicate O X X X O O O X X X O O O O X X X X O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant.

24. Evolution: changes in DNA as information transmitted
Bacteria with mutation causing resistance O O O O O O O O
Apply
antibiotic
Continues to replicate O X X X O O O X X X O O O O O O O X X X X O O O O O O O O
Kills most bacteria.
Except if some have mutation that allow them to be resistant. O O O O
Population of resistant bacteria

25. Natural Selection:
Individuals that are most successful at reproducing will pass on more of their genetic information.

26. Reproductive success = evolutionary success

27. Individuals are selected…
But populations evolve via changes in DNA during reproduction.

28. A population that can produce fertile offspring
Who evolves?…Species.
A. leucurus
A. harrisi
A population that can produce fertile offspring
A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
CB 24.6

29. X
Horse
Donkey =
Mule

30. X
Horse
Donkey
So…horses and donkeys are not the same species. =
Mule
(sterile)

31. A population that can produce fertile offspring
Who evolves?…Species.
A. leucurus
A. harrisi
A population that can produce fertile offspring
A population that does reproduce
**A population sharing genetic information**
CB 24.6

32. Homework #2 due F 2/23
Bonus #1 due W 2/28

33. Reproductive success = Evolutionary success

34. Reproductive success = Evolutionary success