1. The Expansion of Slavery and Anti-Slavery

2. I. 4 Common Myths About Slavery
Middle School Interpretation of Slavery:
North = Good
South = Bad
Blacks = Victims

3. A. All northerners were against slavery.

5. B. There were no slaves in the North

6. C. All white southerners owned slaves.

7. D. All blacks in the South were slaves.
Census Year
# Slaves
# Free blacks
Total black
 % free blacks
1790
697,681
59,527
757,208
7.9%
1800
893,602
108,435
1,002,037
10.8%
1810
1,191,362
186,446
1,377,808
13.5%
1820
1,538,022
233,634
1,771,656
13.2%
1830
2,009,043
319,599
2,328,642
13.7%
1840
2,487,355
386,293
2,873,648
13.4%
1850
3,204,313
434,495
3,638,808
11.9%
1860
3,953,760
488,070
4,441,830
11.0%
1870
4,880,009
100%

8. II. The Early Anti-Slavery Movement (1770s-1830)

9. A. Expectations of Slavery’s Demise: The Declaration of Independence, Gradual Emancipation, No More Slave Imports (1807)
1780 Pennsylvania Law:
“That all Persons, as well Negroes, and Mulattos, as others, who shall be born within this State, from and after the Passing of this Act, shall not be deemed and considered as Servants for Life or Slaves;”
“Every Negroe and Mulatto Child born within this State who have been born a Servant for Years or life or a Slave, shall be deemed to be and shall be the Servant of such person until such Child shall attain unto the Age of twenty eight Years.”

10. B. But Slavery Persists & Expands (The Cotton Gin, New Lands, Natural Reproduction)

12. C. The American Colonization Society: Anti-Slavery & Racist (1820s)

13. III. The Growth of the Anti-Slavery Movement (1830s)
A. The 2nd Great Awakening & Slavery as Sin

14. B. Organizing Against Slavery:
1. With Words: William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS)

17. 2. With Violence: Nat Turner’s Revolt

18. 3. With Politics: The Liberty Party

19. Presidential candidate
Party
Popular vote
Electoral vote
Count
Pct
William H. Harrison
Whig
1,275,390
52.9%
234
Martin Van Buren
Democrat
1,128,854
46.8% 60
James Birney
Liberty
6,797
0.3%

20. IV. Slaveowners Defend Slavery
With Words:
-- The bible
--Ancient tradition
-- Race/racism
-- “Wage Slavery” in the north

21. B. With Laws The Post Office Prohibits Anti-Slavery Propaganda
Congress “Tables” Anti-Slavery Petitions (Gag Rule)

22. C. With Violence: The Case of Elijah Lovejoy