1. 1 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 LOOKING FOR ALTERNATIVE INDUSTRIAL SPACE STRATEGIES Michel Courtois ESA/ESTEC

2. 2 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ESA Technology Strategy: Top-Level Objectives Prepare and enable future European space programmes and ensure coherence of technology developments schedule (ad-hoc maturity level) for maximum use by projects Foster innovation in architectures of space systems, identification of disruptive technologies, developments of new concepts Support competitiveness of industry in the European institutional markets and in the global commercial markets Ensure European Technology non-dependence/ ensure the availability of European sources for critical technologies, Leverage on technological progresses and innovations, outside the space sector to use and adapt them to design new space systems (spin-in) Start security for citizens techno program.AA BB CC DD EE

3. 3 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Flight Demonstration: Example

4. 4 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ESA Technology End-to-End process Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation ESA Strategy and Programmes ESA Technology Strategy Industry Consultation ESA Technology Long Term Plan European and Worldwide Technology Assessment European Harmonisation/ESTMP Technology Implementation European Space Policy and Programme Industrial products User Programme Needs

5. 5 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ESA Technology Programmes and Technology Maturity CTP Elips Step FLPP EOEP Galileo Aurora/Exploration Artes Satellites Launchers and Space Station Programs Product Maturity TRPTRP GSTP + Strategic Technologies Remarks: 1) The necessary investments increase significantly with the level of maturity to be achieved 2) Full qualification is impacted by the system environment and is most of the time mission specific 3) Technology development should be regularly confronted to market demand AND ADD PROG: TTP;EMIR/MFC; PRODEX; DUP A real product policy is put in place to ensure adequacy of needed products to the maturity level required by the programmes.

6. 6 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ESA Technology Programme versus Technology Readiness Levels

7. 7 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Technology and Application Programmes Phase 0 (Pre-Phase A) Phase A Phase B/C/D Technology requirements Iteration on Technology needs Identify complementary activities proposed Procurement Plan Assessment of design and technology maturity + feedback (internal ESA) Assessment of programme procurement plan + identification of deviations ITT ITT ITT Early phases of the application programmes will be accompanied to maximise utilisation of European technologies.

8. 8 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ESA Technology Programmes :TRP & GSTP Basic Technology Research Programme (TRP) Part of ESA Mandatory Programmes Covering all technology disciplines & applications Based on three year Workplan, with yearly updates About 38 M in commitments per Year General Support Technology Programme (GSTP) Optional Programme - Each member state decides: => The amount of its participation => The technological activities to support Covering general purpose technology developments Three year cycle with regular updates Regular AOs are part of GSTP >30 Meuro in commitments per Year, Industrial co-funding possible

9. 9 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Support to Programmes & Generic Technologies Support to Industrys Competitiveness (Short Term) Innovative/Prospective Technology TECHNOLOGY R&D PredevelopmentPrequalification Research & feasibility demonstration CATEGORY A CATEGORY B CATEGORY C ESA Technology Programmes: TRP & GSTP

10. 10 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 ARTES Programme Elements Element ARTES 1 ARTES 3 ARTES 4 ARTES 5 ARTES 8 Objective Strategy Mission/system studies, general configuration and define the necessary technology developments Multimedia, SATCOM system elements, Pioneering Novel Systems and Adv. MSS Promote MM applicat., develop & validate comprehensive MMS and Advanced MSS ESA/Industry Partnership Research, develop & demonstrate state of the art technologies and services with clear applications potential Technology Use of telecom. satellites, advance and improve satellite systems and related space and ground segment Large Telecommunications Platform Develop a multipurpose Platform for large telecom. payloads. Implement a LP mission. Reinforce European sat Industry Timely Perspective Finance Level Participation Modus Long-term Short-term Near to Market Short-term Near to Market Long-term Mid-term (1 st Generation Market Entry 2007-2008) 100% Up to 50% 100% 50%, 75% & 100% ITT Continuous Open Call for Proposals or Specific ITT ITT

11. 11 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Evolutions des technologies

12. 12 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Network speed, Space / Ground ERC 32 computer: 17Mips SpaceWire (200Mbps) Commercial PC: 1000Mips

13. 13 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES ë Evolution of AOCS sensors ë Star Trackers APS-based Star Tracker (centre) for the Bepi-Colombo mission, shown between a precursor Cassini Stellar Reference Unit (right) and a CCD-based Autonomous Star Tracker (left) MEMS gyroscopes Rate sensor based on Coriolis effect, being adapted from terrestrial model for space applications

14. 14 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES Digital Integrated Circuit evolutions: ASICs and FPGAs Improve radiation hardening of re- programmable FPGA On-board data processing for data compression and reduction Compression factors up to several 1000 dependent on the sensor are possible

15. 15 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 Enabling Control Technologies: Earth Observation Agility Drag free Science missions High accuracy pointing Formation flying Exploration Safe precision Entry Descent Landing systems Autonomous Rendez-Vous Systems Fault Tolerant Control Systems Micro GN&C Systems Increased autonomy Launchers Fault Tolerant Control Systems TelecomsSPECTRA GOCE GAIA LISA PF LISA DARWIN Autonomous rendezvous Safe precision landing Fault tolerant control system RLV EVOLUTION OF TECHNOLOGIES

16. 16 Academy House – Brussels - 27 October 2005 CONCLUSION Technology improvements forces to modify the system architecture approach, especially for operational missions. Technology improvements of equipments in mass, power requirements; on board computer performance increase, integration of complex functions in asics and programmable FPGA, optics and simulation performances increase make possible changes in spacecraft architecture: small and more autonomous s/c can provide top level solutions.