1. UNIT 23

2. Underline definitions of: (p. 152 and 153)
Human rights
Human rights violations
Different types of human rights being violated
Universal Declaration adopted? How many rights does it consist of?
Different rights violated

3. And more…
On page 153:
Different rights violated
Do act 23.1.

4. Right to a nationality and to live in your own country Right to work
Different types of human rights violations committed around the world [Know each right and an example]
Right to protest
Right to a nationality and to live in your own country
Right to work
Right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion
Women and children’s rights

5. Counter strategies to violations of human rights
[MUST be able to give examples]
Organisations:
List three organisations
Journalists and the media
Musicians and other celebrities
Religious leaders
Boycotts
Demonstrations and protest marches

6. Counter strategies to violations of human rights
Non-governmental organisations
Entrepreneurs
Political persuasion
Denial of International aid
Legal methods
List two examples
Action Plans and campaigns
Social networking

7. Gender equity
Gender = distinguish between ways in which men and women or boys and girls dress / behave / how they relate to one another.
Gender equity = fair treatment for women and men, according to their different needs.
Thus: Differences should be identified and addressed in a way that ensures balance between the sexes.

8. Gender equity issues in sports and athletic activities
In sport = treating men and women fairly and making sure that both genders have equal access to opportunities and sources.
The draft school sport policy for public schools in SA (30 June 2009) states:
“The Department of Basic Education and Sport and Recreation South Africa shall develop programmes that should promote racial integration, gender equity and representivity in competitive school sport.”

9. Gender equity in athletics
Programmes for girls and boys
Generally compete against learners of their own gender = biological differences make this more fair.
Gender equity = ALL athletics events should be open to both boys and girls
Still more events for men than women in Olympics (2012)
Countering? All new sports introduced MUST include BOTH sexes.
Equal male and female numbers of administrators.

10. Gender equity in soccer and rugby
Many schools do not offer these for girls.
Women’s biological makeup suggest they should play against women.
Tag rugby can safely be played in mixed teams.
There is a Rugby World Cup for women and a national rugby team.
Girls kicking HIV= documentary about young girls who are living in townships and finding strength in personal fight against HIV by playing street soccer

11. Gender equity in tennis
Mixed doubles is fun and an Olympic sport.
Can play against each other.
Women play only 3 sets, men play 5 in international tennis.
Do women have the stamina to play 5?
Scientifically proven that men hit the ball a lot harder and faster than women.

12. Positive developments towards gender equity in sport
The Mathare Youth Sports Association
UNHCR= designed practical comfortable sportswear which keeps within dress code acceptable to the community.
WHAT CAN WE DO?
Play traditional games together
Hold mixed tournaments
Girls can referee boys’ games and vice versa
Take part in other team-building activities

13. Gender-based violence
Any behaviour – psychological, physical, sexual – that is based on gender differences between males and females and is intended to control, humiliate or harm the individual.
Based on prejudice; intended to make victim feel weak and inferior because of their gender
Women are treated as being subordinate to men.

14. Gender-based violence
Power and control in a relationship is decided by gender stereotypes, the cultural and social attitudes to men and women within a society and learned behaviour.
Examples:
Sexual violence (rape, sexual mistreatment, forced prostitution)
Domestic violence
Trafficking
Forced / early marriages
Harmful traditional practices (genital mutilation, honour killings, widow inheritance) – see p 172 NOTE PAD

15. Gender-based violence
Because it threatens the safety, freedom and autonomy of women and girls, violence against women makes it impossible for women to take part in society and to fulfil their potential as human beings.

16. Impact of rape and gender-based violence
Emotional impact of violence
Life-long emotional distress or mental problems
Witnessed abuse = lasting psychological damage
Unable to experience loving relationships
On health
Know the effects on women’s reproductive health
Genital mutilation, severe physical injury, alcoholism and suicide
Social impact
Know all 7

17. Prevention of violence against women
Ending violence against women will mean changing some traditional ideas about masculinity.
DEVAW
In SA= Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters ) Amendment Act (2007)
Education campaigns can be used to encourage women to report sexual violence and other gender-based violence.

18. Sources of help for victims
Rape Crisis
POWA
LIFELINE
CHILDLINE