1. Exploration and Discovery

2. opened the present era of global interaction.
Don’t take notes, but think about the meaning of this statement.
The “Age of Discovery” ended the regional isolation that had characterized most human communities
and
opened the present era of global interaction.

3. In relation to exploration and discovery what do you think…
“Glory, God and Gold”
means?

4. I. European Conquest and Colonization (1492-1750)
In a few 100 years, most of the continents came under the control of a few European countries:
1. Iberia
a) Spain
b) Portugal
2. Northwest Europe
a) England
b) France
c) Netherlands

5. How did this change the “New World”?
1. Cultural impact a) b)
2. Territorial impact
3. Economic impact

6. II. Why did these countries set out to explore?
“God, Glory, Gold” etc.
Renaissance spirit of “individualism”
The search for spices and profits
1. Crusades
2. Supply and Demand
3. The “New Monarchs” wanted

7. Desire to cultivate cash crops.
1. sugar
2. plantations
Desire to spread Christianity
1. Crusades
2. N. Africa
3. Duty
Ability to use new technology 1. 2.

8. Glory:
God:
1. Black Legend & Bartolome Diaz
Gold:
1. Spain

9. III. Similarities and Differences b/t Iberia and N.W. Europe
Desire to
Portugal and Spain
1. Portugal a)
b) establish
c) Vasco de Gama

10. Spain
a) Goal:
b) Columbus
c) Conquered:
d) Aztec Civilization:
e) Encomienda: 1.
2. declined in mid-16th c.

11. Northwest Europe (Eng, Fr, Neth)
1. Late on the scene (1500s-1600s)
2. Took what was left-over
3. England
4. France
5. Netherlands
6. Motivation:
a) Migration 1) 2) 3)

12. IV. Economy of Exploitation
Competitive Euro commercialism led to
1) Indians of Latin America
2) Africans

13. V. 3 major components in the colonial economy of Latin America
Mining
Agriculture
Shipping
ALL required labor, servitude or a relationship of dependence of the New Wolrd economy on that of Spain

14. VI. Social Hierarchy Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos
Natives and Africans

15. VII. Labor Servitude
Spain instituted a series of social devices to draw locals into the new economic life.
Economienda
Repartimiento
Debt peonage
Slavery

16. VIII. Agriculture
Hacienda 1) 2)
Plantation

17. IX: Impact on Europe Positive Aspects 1) 2) 3) 4) Negative Aspects
1) inflation