1. Pneumonia

2. Pneumonia: inflammatory illness of the lungs
May result from bacterial, viral, parasitic, or fungi infections or chemical or physical injury
Streptococcus Pneumoniae—most common cause

3. Streptococcus Pneumoniae

4. Usually results when bacteria or viruses that are normally present in the nose, mouth, or throat enter the lungs
These settle in the air sacs and multiply

5. Pneumonia ©http://www.uspharmacist.com/ce/105057/pneumonia.jpg

6. The lungs fill with fluid and pus while trying to fight the infection
However, the cause may also be idiopathic

7. Over 3 million people in the US develop pneumonia each year
Approximately 5% of these people die
It is the 6th leading cause of death in the US

8. Chest X-Ray—Pneumonia ©http://www. med-ed. virginia

9. Signs and Symptoms Usually begins with cold-like symptoms
Fever develops
Chills
Cough with sputum
Usually discolored or bloody
Breathlessness
Chest pain (only if pleura is involved)

10. Person may become pallor…why?

11. Treatment Bacterial and fungal causes can be treated with antibiotics
Vaccines available for two types of pneumonia

12. Pleura: thin, transparent membrane that covers the lungs and lines the inside of the chest wall
The only place where pain fibers are found on the lungs are near the pleura

13. Pleura ©http://www. elib. gov. ph/edatabase/elibgetdb

14. Diagnosis
Doctor may hear coarse breathing or crackling sounds when listening to the lungs
Chest x-ray
If one or more lobes of the lungs is affected: lobar pneumonia

15. Sputum sample Blood test Bronchoscopy
Culture is grown and checked for bacteria
Blood test
White blood cell count
Bronchoscopy

18. Normal Lung and Pneumonia ©http://content. answers

19. Lobar Pneumonia ©http://teaching. path. cam. ac