1. Mafijul Islam, PhD Software Systems, Electrical and Embedded Systems Advanced Technology & Research Research Issues in Computing Systems: An Automotive Perspective

2. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Outline 2 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Introduction to Volvo Group Introduction to Advanced Technology and Research Introduction to Electrical and Embedded Systems Research topics/issues within Software Systems

3. Volvo Group Trucks Technology 3 Advanced Technology and Research 2012-10-16

4. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Outline 4 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Introduction to Volvo Group Introduction to Advanced Technology and Research Introduction to Electrical and Embedded Systems Research topics/issues within Software Systems

5. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Advanced Technology and Research (ATR) Pioneering technology for future Volvo Group products and services Areas of operation: Research, Advanced Engineering, Product Development, Innovation, Business Engineering, Corporate Services ~ 500 employees in Sweden, France, North America, India, Japan and China Established 1969, a Volvo Group business unit 1997, a function within Volvo Group Trucks Technology 2012 Pioneering technology for future Volvo Group products and services Areas of operation: Research, Advanced Engineering, Product Development, Innovation, Business Engineering, Corporate Services ~ 500 employees in Sweden, France, North America, India, Japan and China Established 1969, a Volvo Group business unit 1997, a function within Volvo Group Trucks Technology 2012 At Advanced Technology & Research the future is already in progress. Cutting edge technical solutions and services come to life. 5 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16

6. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Drives Long Term Technology Development for Volvo Group Drives innovation to address challenges Drives long term technology roadmaps Drives the Group Technology Plan Performs continuous technology scouting Participates in, and often coordinates, collaborative research in national and international research programs where we represent Volvo Group Drives innovation to address challenges Drives long term technology roadmaps Drives the Group Technology Plan Performs continuous technology scouting Participates in, and often coordinates, collaborative research in national and international research programs where we represent Volvo Group 6 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16

7. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – our context Research Advanced Engineering Product Development & Services Industry Society & Authorities Academia Internal funding External funding Public funding Our areas of operation Our funding Our partners Advanced Technology and Research 2012-10-16 7

8. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Represents Volvo Group in strategic national and international networks (industry, institutes, authorities and academia), examples: - Vinnova, STEM, European Commission, EUCAR, ERTRAC, ERTICO, DOE, DOT. - Strategic Competence centers, Universities, Authorities and Partners in the industry Participates in external research programs: - For development of common methodologies and standards - Leveraging of internal R&D resources for emerging technologies - Business/competitive intelligence - Influencing legislation and technological development - For competence development & input Represents Volvo Group in strategic national and international networks (industry, institutes, authorities and academia), examples: - Vinnova, STEM, European Commission, EUCAR, ERTRAC, ERTICO, DOE, DOT. - Strategic Competence centers, Universities, Authorities and Partners in the industry Participates in external research programs: - For development of common methodologies and standards - Leveraging of internal R&D resources for emerging technologies - Business/competitive intelligence - Influencing legislation and technological development - For competence development & input ATR – in Global Research & Innovation 8 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16

9. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Technology Priority Areas Energy Efficiency & Environment Transport Solutions & ServicesVehicle Technology & SafetyElectrical & Embedded SystemsSupply Chain 9 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16

10. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Outline 10 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Introduction to Volvo Group Introduction to Advanced Technology and Research Introduction to Electrical and Embedded Systems Research topics/issues within Software Systems

11. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Electrical and Embedded Systems 11 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Increase efficiency of software development for embedded systems Develop new AUTOSAR platform for electrical and embedded architecture supporting flexibility, energy-efficiency & functional safety Develop new dependability concepts related to architecture and knowledge transfer in the area of processes and standards Develop high efficient energy conversion focusing on electrical machines, power electronic and integrated real time control Create new embedded software development methods for multicores Develop in-vehicle wireless networks

12. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Outline 12 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Introduction to Volvo Group Introduction to Advanced Technology and Research Introduction to Electrical and Embedded Systems Research topics/issues within Software Systems

13. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Software Systems 13 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Software development processes Systems engineering Standardized software platforms and components Fault tolerant systems Multicore software systems

14. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Software Systems – Dependability 14 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Functional Safety –ISO 26262, IEC 61508 –Evaluation of functional safety Robustness evaluation –AUTOSAR platforms and software components Fault tolerant E/E architecture –Fault tolerance mechanisms; Fault Detection, Isolation and Recovery (FDIR) –Methods and tools for fault injection, AUTOSAR-based system Diagnostics and uptime –Reduce diagnostic time –Increase uptime

15. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Software Systems – Mixed-Critical System 15 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Dimensions Management of interferences –Safety boundaries and freedom from interferences Compose-able verification scheme –Reduce V&V costs and efforts Redundancy and fault tolerance –Fault/error model based on criticality level –Cost- and resource-effective mechanisms Characteristics of Mixed-critical Systems SafetySecurityAdaptability Availability and/or Reliability Distributed Situationally- aware Affordability

16. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Software Systems – Multicores 16 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Electrical and electronic (E/E) system architectures The in-vehicle architectures can be simplified by executing the software previously run on multiple ECUs on multi-cores instead This results in a reduced number of network connections and buses, i.e. a shift towards more centralized architectures with reduced costs ECU hardware architectures A homogeneous architecture contains multiple identical cores and a heterogeneous architecture contains cores with different instruction sets The current trend is to create homogeneous multi-core devices, but significantly performance advantages can be obtained by using specialized cores and accelerators to offload the main cores

17. Volvo Group Trucks Technology ATR – Software Systems – Multicores 17 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16 Scheduling algorithms On a multi-core processor the software components must be grouped together by an algorithm and scheduled by a dispatcher task A static scheduling algorithm assigns the components to cores at build time prior to execution, this approach has been taken within the AUTOSAR consortium Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) analysis Used to find upper bounds for the largest possible execution time of software Important when verifying the timing properties of safety-critical real- time systems By introducing multi-core processors the analysis previously done on single-core processors cannot be used out-of-the box, hence new analysis methods needed

18. Volvo Group Trucks Technology Questions? 18 Advanced Technology & Research 2012-10-16