1. Musculoskeletal System

2. Musculoskeletal system refers to the muscles and skeleton of the human body.
Our muscles and skeleton work together to protect organs, enable movement and give the body its general shape.

3. The Skeletal System

4. The Skeletal System
The skeleton is a group of bones and cartilage which provide a framework for the muscle attachment.
The skeleton helps protect the body’s vital organs.
For example: the rib cage protects the lungs and heart the skull protects the brain.
Bone marrow produces our blood cells
(illustration on the following page)

5. A Look at Bone Marrow

6. Joints A joint (join - t) is the area where two bones connect.
A joint enables us to bend, twist and rotate.
Most joints are moveable.

7. Four Types of Moveable Joints
Name
Function
Example
Ball-and-Socket Joints
Enable bones to move in all directions.
hips
shoulders
Hinge Joints
Enable bones to move in two directions.
knees
elbows
Pivot/Rotating Joints
Enable side to side rotation.
neck
Gliding Joints
Enable flat bones to glide over each other
hands
spine

8. Four Types of Moveable Joints
gliding

9. The Muscular System

10. Muscular System Muscles attach to the skeleton whereby:
holding the skeleton together
giving the body its general shape
enabling movement
Muscle contractions help to control body processes such as breathing, digestion and blood flow.
Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles.

11. Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles:
1. Voluntary: Muscle contractions are controlled.
Example: skeletal muscles (biceps and triceps)
2. Involuntary: Muscle contractions occur automatically.
Example: cardiac (heart) muscles