1. Day 1
DNA Replication

2. DNA Replication
Structure of DNA

3. Bell Ringer
On your power notes, complete the first box: Things we already know about DNA DNA is located in the ________________________ of the cell. DNA is a _________________________________ (macromolecule). DNA replicates during the ___________________ of _____________________.
Nucleus or nucleoid region
Nucleic acid
S phase
Interphase

4. What are we learning today?
Benchmark
Objectives
SC.912.L.16.3 – Describe the basic process of DNA replication and how it relates to the transmission and conservation of the genetic information.
Students will describe the structure of DNA.
To the Teacher:
Introduce today’s benchmark.
Read or have a student read the day’s objectives.

5. What is the essential vocabulary?
DNA structure:
Double helix – two spiraled strands, resembling a twisted ladder.
DNA is made up of:
Nucleotide – one nucleic acid molecule that consists of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

6. What are the components of DNA?
The backbone of a DNA chain is formed by sugar and phosphate groups of each nucleotide.
The nitrogenous bases stick out sideways from the chain through hydrogen bonds.
The nucleotides can be joined together in any order, meaning that any sequence of bases is possible.

7. What are the components of DNA?
Base Pairing
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)
2 Hydrogen bonds
3 Hydrogen bonds

8. Remember!! (Side note) Apples in the Tree (Adenine – Thymine)
Cars in the Garage
(Cytosine – Guanine)

9. DNA Replication Overview
Each strand of the DNA double helix has all the information needed to reconstruct the other half by the mechanism of base pairing.
Because each strand can be used to make the other strand, they are said to be complementary. A T C G T A A T G C
(a) Parent molecule

10. DNA Replication OverviewG C G T A T A A T A T G C G C
(a) Parent molecule
(b)
Separation of strands

11. DNA Replication OverviewG C G C G T A T A T A A T A T A T G C G C G C
(a) Parent molecule
(b)
Separation of strands
(c)
“Daughter” DNA molecules, each consisting of one parental strand and one new strand

12. DNA & Common Ancestors
All organisms (including plants!) use the same basic components of DNA, making the genetic code universal
Organisms that share a recent common ancestor share many similarities in their genetic code since DNA is passed on from generation to generation.

13. Nucleotide Structure
Phosphate
Base
Sugar

14. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic DNA
Prokaryotic DNA is shorter and less complex than eukaryotic DNA.
Prokaryotic DNA has single chromosomes; eukaryotic DNA has multiple chromosomes.
Prokaryotic DNA is arranged in circular structures; eukaryotic DNA consists of linear strands.

15. We Do – Building DNA Learning Objectives: Students will …
Build a molecule of DNA from a set of components.
Observe how nitrogenous bases bond to form the central “rungs” of the DNA molecule.

16. You Do/HW
Article + questions

17. Exit ticket