1. How Did World War – I End and What Role did the U.S. Play in It?
U.S. History & Government
11th Grade Boys/Girls
6 August 2019

2. Do Now How were civil liberties affected during WW-I?
What changes took place in African American life during the War?
Do Now

3. Wilson’s Peace Plan
January 18, 1918 Wilson Presented his famous “Fourteen-Points” plan
The first 5 points dealt with issues of preventing another war
There should be no Secret Treaties among nations
Freedom of the seas should be maintained for all
Tariffs & other economic barriers among nations should be lowered or abolished to in order to foster free trade

4. Arms should be reduced “to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety, thus lessening the possibility of military responses” during diplomatic crises.
Colonial policies should consider the interests of the colonial peoples as well as the interests of the imperialist powers.
Next 8 points dealt with boundary changes (Principle of Self Determination)
Allied Powers rejected his plan
The big four (Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George and Orlando) excluded others from the peace conference.

5. Treaty of Versailles Provisions of the Treaty
Established nine new nations and set new boundaries
Carved out five areas out of Ottoman Empire and gave them to Britain and France as Mandates
Germany was barred from maintaining an army and had to pay reparations
Germany had to return Alsace-Lorraine to France

6. Weaknesses of the Treaty
Humiliation of Germany by forcing it to accept War-Guilt
Reparation was a burden on Germany
Russia lost more territory although it fought on the allies’ side
The treaty ignored the demand of the colonized people.

7. Opposition to the Treaty
Many different groups opposed the treaty because of its problems
League of Nations
Conservative senators led by Henry Cabot Lodge opposed the League of Nations
Wilson’s response
Senator Lodge presented some amendments to the treaty to be passed
He refused to accept any change

8. Senate twice failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles
The United States did not become a member of the League of Nations

9. War’s Legacy on America
War strengthened the power of the Military and the Government
Accelerated social change for African Americans and women
Fears and antagonism due to propaganda war came to an end

10. War’s Legacy on Europe Social & political systems were damaged
Political instability and violence occurred.
The first communist state was established
Fascist groups gained power in Italy, Germany, and Spain.

11. Homework
Main Ideas Questions 1-8 on page 612