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Conventional Current
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When we speak of the current flowing in a circuit, we mean the direction positive charge would flow.
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Important: Current is not a vector, it’s a scalar!!!!
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Important : In any single circuit, the current at any instant is the same at one point as at any other point!!! This follows from the conservation of electric charge.
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Ohm’s Law: Resistance and Resistors
I~V
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Definition of Resistance
I=V/R
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Ohm’s Law The current through a metal conductor is proportional to the applied voltage.
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Resistivity
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Conceptual Example: Stretching Changes Resistance
A wire of resistance R is stretched uniformly until it is twice its original length. What happens to its resistance?
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Effect of Temperature
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a – temperature coefficient of resistivity is positive for metals and negative for semiconductors.
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Superconductivity
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