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Edexcel Politics A-level
USA: US Congress Key terms
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Congressional caucuses
These are groups of legislators who share special interests and meet to pursue common legislative objectives, e.g. black caucus, women’s caucus, Hispanic caucus
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Divided government When the House of Representatives, Senate and Presidency are not all controlled by one party.
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Filibuster When a senator gives a prolonged speech on the floor of the Senate in order to obstruct legislative progress of a bill or confirmation of appointments to the Executive or judiciary.
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Gridlock A situation in US politics where the president and Congress are equally powerful, constantly preventing each other from acting, resulting in difficulty passing legislation.
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Incumbency The current holder of a political office re House or Senate seat or presidency.
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Mid-term elections Congressional elections held mid-way through a President’s four-year term.
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Oversight The ability of one branch of government to supervise the work of another.
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Partisanship A situation in which Congressmen/women are incredibly loyal to their party, even when it means that the result is gridlock.
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Unanimous consent A senator or Congressman/woman may request unanimous consent on the floor to set aside a specified rule of procedure so as to expedite proceedings.
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