1. On the Language of Race and the Shift from Multicultural to Intercultural Education

2. Race is a symbolic construct

3. History of Racial Classification
Francois Bernier (1684)
created categorization scheme based on skin color and facial features
Arthur de Gobineau( )
divided the human race into three types (White, Black and Yellow)
Johann Freidrich Blumenbach (1758)
divided people into four groups based on geography

4. Blumenback (continued)
his work left us with four primary “color” groups--Red, Yellow, Black and White(Native Americans, Asians, Africans and Europeans).

5. Biology Vs Social Construction
Extensive research exists that pure races never existed(Montague, 1997)
Genetic variability within populations is greater than the variability between them(King, 1981)
Race is best understood as a product of social, political and economic dynamics

6. So why is language so important to understanding race?

7. The Power of Naming
What I call you will determine how I behave toward you.
If I call you friend……
If I call you enemy
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

8. Names are bestowed by the dominant group in a culture
CEO: Jeff Bezos
Union Leader:
Richard Trumka
And our response to them!
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

9. Power of Racial Naming Over the Years
African Americans
Uncle Tom/sambo, zip coons, and bucks; mammies, sapphires and jezebel mulattoes,
LatinX Americans
Latin lover, the hot-tempered Mexican female, the gangster, the virginal catina girl, the gardener, the loose Latin spit fire, the wild savage, the revolutionary, the rural worker and the drug lord.
Asian Americans
servant, brilliant student/scientist, exotic beauty, nerdy/physically inept male
Native Americans
Savage, Chief, Drunk, Simple minded native
Mexican-American stereotypes in film
 ALEJANDRO LARA —
JANUARY 30, 2018

10. African American Stereotypes

11. African American Stereotypes

12. African American Stereotypes

13. African American Stereotypes

14. African American Stereotypes

15. African American Stereotypes

16. LatinX Stereotypes

17. LatinX Stereotypes

18. LatinX Stereotypes

19. LatinX Stereotypes

20. LatinX Stereotypes

21. LatinX Stereotypes

22. Asian American Stereotypes
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

23. Asian American Stereotypes

24. Asian American Stereotypes

25. Native American Stereotypes

26. Native American Stereotypes

27. Native American Stereotypes
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA

28. Racial Roles and the Mass Media
Race and Hispanic Origin
White alone, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(a)76.9%
Black or African American alone, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(a)13.3%
American Indian and Alaska Native alone, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(a)1.3%
Asian alone, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(a)5.7%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(a)0.2%
Two or More Races, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)2.6%Hispanic or Latino, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)(b)17.8%
White alone, not Hispanic or Latino, percent, July 1, 2016, (V2016)61.3%
Census.gov

29. Why does this matter?

30. It Matters!

31. Language Assumptions Influence How Racism is Constructed
Assumption One- Language is Neutral
Assumption Two- Difference is Negative, “A cannot be not A”
These assumptions are false

32. Starting with Multicultural, Going Through Cross-Cultural and Now Intercultural
What does it all mean?

33. Multicultural refers to a society that contains several cultural or ethnic groups.  People live alongside one another, but each cultural group does not necessarily have engaging interactions with each other.  For example, in a multicultural neighborhood people may frequent ethnic grocery stores and restaurants without really interacting with their neighbors from other countries.

34. Cross-cultural deals with the comparison of different cultures
Cross-cultural deals with the comparison of different cultures.  In cross-cultural communication, differences are understood and acknowledged, and can bring about individual change, but not collective transformations. In cross- cultural societies, one culture is often considered “the norm” and all other cultures are compared or contrasted to the dominant culture.

35. Intercultural describes communities in which there is a deep understanding and respect for all cultures. Intercultural communication focuses on the mutual exchange of ideas and cultural norms and the development of deep relationships. In an intercultural society, no one is left unchanged because everyone learns from one another and grows together

36. Final Thought: Kofi Annan