1. Lesson 5 Terms and Definitions
Human Body Systems
Lesson 5 Terms and Definitions

2. What happens to the bolus when it enters the stomach?
Question of the hour…
What happens to the bolus when it enters the stomach?

3. Digestion in the Stomach
Food travels from the mouth
Down the esophagus
To the stomach
Food remains in stomach up to 4 ½ hours

4. Longer time in stomach the smaller the food becomes!

5. What is all the gastric juice about?
Glands are embedded in folds of stomach
Glands Secrete
HCL
enzyme pepsin
mucus

6. HCL? HCL stands for hydrochloric acid HCL = acid
HCL’s job is to “activate” the enzyme pepsin to break down proteins

7. Pepsin
Enzyme in stomach
Chemically breaks down proteins

8. What about carbs and fats?
NO NEW enzymes are introduced in the stomach to break down carbs or fats
Mechanical digestion continues of carbs and fats through peristalsis

9. Mucus Coats stomach wall Protects against acidic gastric juices
Ulcers – small perforation in the lining of the stomach wall. (not enough mucus)

10. Chyme The contents of the stomach turn to chyme
Chyme – thick uniform liquid of broken down food, gastric juices, mucus, and enzymes.

11. Where does the food go next?
Peristalsis (from stomach muscles) pushes food to the pyloric sphincter.
Pyloric sphincter – the opening to the small intestines.
Releases small amounts of chyme at a time into the small intestines.

13. Honey did I put the car in drive or reverse?
What could go wrong?
Honey did I put the car in drive or reverse?

14. Problems in stomach
Heart Burn – food in the stomach backing up into the esophagus causing a burning sensation (NOT ACTUALLY IN HEART!)
Treat with antacid (TUMS, or rolaids)
Basic
(Calcium - CaCO3)

15. Problems in stomach
Vomiting – reverse peristalsis, stomach and esophagus muscles moving in the opposite direction to get rid of stomach contents.
Caused by reaction to a food or illness.