1. New Technologies
AP Euro

2. Heavier Plow
Allowed for an increase in food production

3. Horse Collar
Horse collar instead of a yoke. Prevented animal from choking.

4. Provided a new source of power
Windmills
Provided a new source of power

5. Three Field System
Three field system of agriculture. Leave one third fallow.
Prevents soil exhaustion.
Greatly improved crop yields by at least 50%
Permitted the growing of all four cereals
Effectively distributed peasants toil between Spring and Autumn sowing.

6. Three-Field System

7. Gunpowder Gunpowder made knights and castles obsolete.
Ended military power of nobility. Monarchs less dependent on nobility.

8. Harquebus

9. Harquebus
also spelled arquebus , also called hackbut first gun fired from the shoulder, a smoothbore matchlock with a stock resembling that of a rifle. The harquebus was invented in Spain in the mid-15th century. It was often fired from a support, against which the recoil was transferred from a hook on the gun. Its name seems to derive from German words meaning “hooked gun.” The bore varied, and its effective range was less than 650 feet (200 m). The harquebus was superseded by the larger musket (q.v.) in the mid-16th century.

10. Canons Mounted on Ships

11. Caravel

12. Caravel Small, light, three-masted sailing ship. Held more cargo
Highly maneuverable
the caravel's chief excellence lay in its capacity for sailing windward.

13. Magnetic compass
Enabled sailors to determine their direction and position at sea

14. Astrolabe
Astrolabe, an instrument used to determine the altitude of the sun and other celestial bodies, permitted mariners to plot their latitude or position north or south of the equator.

15. Printing Press

16. Printing Press
printing press fueled literacy and knowledge, as books could be widely reproduced and disseminated.
Started in Europe by Johann Gutenburg