1. Charles Kros SARPA conference 2018
Transport of Radioactive Material – an insight into local and international developments
Charles Kros
SARPA conference 2018

2. Local:
What RAM is transported in SA?
Who are the regulators and what are the rules?
Transport related accidents/events
Future large transport project
Training opportunities
International
South African Representation
New SSR – and a summary of the changes
1st Type C package certification

4. Graded approach Range of packages Routine Conditions -- Incident Free
Normal Conditions -- Minor Mishaps
Accident Conditions
Range of packages
Excepted Package
Industrial Package (Types 1, 2, and 3)
Type A Package
Type B(U) Package
Type B(M) Package
Type C Package

5. Transport Conditions Required to be Considered in Package Design
Routine
Normal
Accident
Un-
Pkged
Excepted
IP-1
IP-2
IP-3
Type A
Type B
Type C X

6. Transport Conditions Required to be Considered in Package Design
Routine
Normal
Accident
Un-
Pkged
Excepted
IP-1
IP-2
IP-3
Type A
Type B
Type C X

7. Regulations in South Africa
Nuclear Energy Act – R. 388 Safety standards and regulatory practices
Hazardous Substances Act – R. 247 (26 February 1993) Regulations relating to Group IV hazardous substances

11. What is transported in RSA?
Radionuclides
Recovery of sources
Medical isotopes
SCO Scrap metal off-site to scrap dealers
LSA 1 material between sites
Amonium Diurinate from mines to NUFCOR for processing
Uranium Oxide from NUFCOR to ports for export.
Fresh LEU fuel and LEU target plates
Waste to Vaalputs
Safeguards samples to IAEA,
No shipments of spent fuel

12. Transport accidents in RSA

13. Future large projects in RSA
Centralized interim storage facility – off-site
Steam generator replacement

14. Training opportunities
2017: ENSTTI = IAEA regulations in qualification and approval of packages for the transport of radioactive material
IAEA e-learning platform
Capacity building programmes
ESKOM projects

15. International representation
IAEA TTRANSSC – Chair: Paul Hindrichsen
37th meeting in Nov 2018
Review Safety Standards
E-learning platform
WGs:
Criticality,
NORM,
RP,
Freight containers,
transportable reactors

16. Changes in SSR (1)
The term radiation level should be replaced by dose equivalent rate. 
New requirement: 613A. The design of the package shall take into account ageing mechanisms.
New requirement: 809k: For packages which are to be used for shipment after storage, a gap analysis programme describing a systematic procedure for a periodic evaluation of changes of Regulations, changes in technical knowledge and changes of the state of the package design during storage.

17. Changes in SSR (2)
Introduction of new package type: SCO-III (large objects to be transported that cannot easily be packaged without dismantling)
 New requirement: 827A. An application for approval of SCO-III shipments shall include

18. Type C package

19. Thank you