1. KEY CONCEPT The immune systems consists of organs, cells, and molecules that fight infections.
Benchmark
SC.912.L.14.52: Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and antibiotics.
Objectives
* Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific and nonspecific responses.
* Describe the basic functions of vaccines and antibiotics.

2. Organ system that protects the body from disease
Pathogenic Agents: anything that can produce disease
Body has 3 lines of defense against disease.
Barriers to infection: 1st line of defense
Skin: protective barrier between you and outside world
Mucous membranes, stomach acids, sweat, and tears.

3. Barriers to infection: 1st line of defense
Mucous membranes: line nasal passages and respiratory organs.
Pathogens get trapped in sticky substance of mucous membranes
Stomach Acids: destroys pathogenic agents
Sweat: contains salts, acids and enzymes.
Tears: Wash out your eyes, also contain enzymes
Nonspecific response: responds to all kinds of pathogens the same way.

4. Inflammatory Response: 2nd Line of Defense
Response to tissue damage
Sometimes 1st line of defense fails, body’s 2nd line of defense kicks in
Includes:
White Blood cells: specialize in fighting disease
Immune Response: 3rd Line of Defense
Attacks specific pathogens
Specialized cells and proteins
T cells: white blood cells attack harmful cells
B cells: white blood cells that make antibodies
Antibody: proteins. Make bad cells clump together then are destroyed by T cells or macrophages.

5. Specific Response
“adaptive”
Develops more slowly & acquires your body to learn the ways of the pathogen
Establishes immunity

6. Immunoglobulin
Tests the level of antibodies in the blood.
Act as antibodies

7. Antibiotics
When all three lines fail and body cannot fight off infection, drugs can be used to help rid of pathogens
Either kill bacteria or prevent their reproduction
Vaccines
substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease
Vaccines reduce the risk of infection by working with the body's natural defenses to help it safely develop immunity to disease