1. Introduction to CELLS!!!! 1 1

2. Discovery made possible by the invention of the microscope
THE CELL
The basic unit of life
Discovery made possible by the invention of the microscope 2

3. Cell Theory: All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life
Cells can only come from other living cells. 3

4. Two Basic Cell Types
Prokaryote
Cells
Eukaryote Cells 4 4

5. Two Basic Cell Types 1)Prokaryote- most basic
No enclosed internal structures.
No true nucleus. Have a nucleoid region where DNA is found
Most are unicellular organisms.
Examples: bacteria 5

6. EUKARYOTE 2) Eukaryote- more advanced
Enclosed internal structures (organelles).
True nucleus with DNA.
Either unicellular or multicellular.
Examples:
Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals 6

7. Cell’s Main Parts
1. Plasma/Cell Membrane
2. Cell Wall
3. Cytoplasm 7

8. Plasma/Cell Membrane It encloses all cells 3 important Jobs:
Protects the inside of the cell
Supports & gives the cell shape
Controls what enters & exits the cell
Maintains homeostasis 8

9. Main Cell Parts: Cell Membrane:9 9

10. Cell Membrane: Up Close and Personal10 10

11. Cell Wall ONLY in PLANT CELLS Protects the cell Gives the cell shape
Made of cellulose 11

12. CELL
WALL 12 12

13. Makes up most of the cell It’s the “jelly” of the cell
Cytoplasm
Makes up most of the cell
It’s the “jelly” of the cell
Made mainly of H20
Holds the organelles 13

14. DNA is found floating in a Nucleoid Region
Prokaryotes
DNA is found floating in a Nucleoid Region
Most are unicellular organisms.

15. Function: to stick to surfaces
PILLI
Function: to stick to surfaces

16. CELL WALL
FUNCTION: PROTECTION 7

17. Flagella:
Function: Help move around 8

18. Allows substances to move in and out of the cell
Plasma Membrane
Allows substances to move in and out of the cell

19. RIBOSOMES
Function - make proteins

20. STOP 14 14

21. EUKARYOTES: MORE ADVANCED HAVE ORGANELLES Have a NUCLEUS
Unicellular or Multicellular 19

22. 2 types of Eukaryotes
ANIMAL
CELLS
PLANT
CELLS 20 20

23. Cell Organelles Each part of a cell has a specific job
Organelles- small structures located within the cytoplasm
“baby organs!” 16

24. Function – control center Contains DNA DNA found on chromosomes
Nucleus
Function – control center
Contains DNA
DNA found on chromosomes
Surrounded by a nuclear membrane/envelope 15

25. NUCLEUS = BRAIN 15

26. Mitochondria
‘powerhouse’
MAKES ATP
Cellular respiration 17

27. MITOCHONDRIA = THE POWERHOUSE18 18

28. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
Network of tubes and channels
‘highway’ system
Internal transport
2 kinds: SMOOTH and ROUGH
Rough has ribosome's 19

29. ER = TRANSPORT 20 20

30. Golgi body
‘package and storage center’
Produces lysosomes 21

31. GOLGI BODY = PACKAGES 22 22

32. Lysosomes Digestion sacs
Contains enzymes that breakdown food and old cell parts 23

33. LYSOSOMES: BREAK DOWN 24 24

34. Vacuoles
Storage compartments
May hold food, H20 and wastes 25

35. VACUOLES : ARE LIKE YOUR BLADDER BECAUSE THEY HOLD WATER26 26

36. Ribosomes ‘protein factories’
Found attached to the ER or free in the cytoplasm 27

37. Centrioles Rod-shaped Located near the nucleus
Help move chromosomes during reproduction 28

38. CENTRIOLES: I Like to move it, move it!29 29

39. Chloroplasts Found ONLY in plants Contain the pigment chlorophyll
Needed for photosynthesis
Allows the organism to make its own food (glucose) 30

40. Nucleolus
MAKES RIBOSOME
Inside the Nucleus

41. 31