1. Methods used to generate genetically modified pigs.
Methods used to generate genetically modified pigs. (A) Pronuclear microinjection of DNA results in random integration of transgenes into the genome, but does not enable gene targeted modifications. Viral vectors can also be microinjected to increase the frequency of transgenesis. (B) Somatic primary cells can be cultured and genetically modified by various methods to add random transgenes or for gene targeting. A genetically modified cell (shown in green) is introduced into the perivitelline space of an enucleated oocyte and an electrical pulse used to fuse the cell membranes and simultaneously activate the oocyte. (C) Endonuclease RNA or protein and guide RNA(s) are injected into the cytoplasm of the fertilised oocyte or zygote to directly modify the embryo genome.
Carolin Perleberg et al. Dis. Model. Mech. 2018;11:dmm030783
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