1. Ch. 14 the New West 1

2. Chasing the American Dream
Many moved to ____________ without much human ___________________ to realize their dreams.
During the 1840s, Americans travelled west to fulfill what is called ________________ ________________
Manifest Destiny is the belief that ____________ and the need to ______________is meant to happen
Famous slogan to refer to Manifest Destiny is “______ _______ _____________ _________” 2

3. Section 1: War in the West3

4. Indian Country
Most __________________ ___________________ by 1850 lived west of the _______________ ________________________
Many government officials wanted to keep _____________ on _______________________
would force them to become farmers
Indians would need to ___________ _____________________ way of life and assimilate to American _______________ 4

5. ____________ Act
Divided ___________________ land into individual plots
Each _______________ __________________ family received a 160 acre plot
Granted _________ ______________________ and subject to local __________ 5

6. The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
Govt. agency in charge of handling all issues with ____________ ________________________
_________ wanted to control ___________________and strongly supported ________________ systems
U.S. govt. frequently gave up Indian ______________land to __________ 6

7. 7
Indian Removal
Pressure increased on Native American _____________________ starting in _________
Indian _____________ Act of 1830 required forced relocation to ___________________ Territory
The painting “________ _____ ____________” famously shows Native Americans leaving their homelands and being forced westward
The _________________ tribe was most famous tribe removed from _____________________homeland
Native Americans began to ____________ the U.S. govt. starting with _____________________Jackson’s administration
As settlers moved westward, pressure mounted against Native Americans. Conflict between settlers and Native Americans increased, and the United States government became more involved in the outcomes of such conflicts.
In 1829, settlers discovered gold in the Cherokee territory of northwestern Georgia. In response to this discovery, and with the support of President Andrew Jackson, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of This law called for all Native Americans in the Southeast to be moved to new territory west of the Mississippi River, allowing white settlers to remain on Native American lands. The United States government subsequently forced members of the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, and Chickasaw tribes to move from their homes to reservations in the new Oklahoma Territory.
Although the Indian Removal Act was very popular among whites, many opposed it. Much of the opposition came from Northerners and Christian missionaries, but some Southern congressmen (including Tennessee Representative David “Davy” Crockett) also came out against the bill. A heated congressional debate involved arguments over the law’s morality.
The best-known removal of this period, in which the federal government forced the Cherokee west from their Georgia homeland, was the so-called “Trail of Tears.” Some Cherokee had agreed to the move, but most insisted on staying in Georgia. In 1838, the Army forced the Cherokee to make a thousand-mile march to Oklahoma. Historians estimate that about 4000 Cherokee died along the way. 7

8. Buffalo 25 million in _______________ By 1889, around
1,100 buffalo remained.
Buffalo were:
Easy to _______________
Buffalo fur was popular in the ______________.
Buffalo hide was ______________, and the leather was used in _________________.
Govt. hoped _______________ in buffalo would __________________ the Native Americans into ________________ 8

9. Battle of Little Bighorn
____________
Also known as “_____________ _____________ _________________”
Sioux tribes from all over the west ____________________ the U.S. Army
Chief ___________ ______________and ______________ Horse's warriors defeated Custer’s little more than 200 soldiers in an hour. 9

10. Massacre of Wounded Knee
Army response to ______________________
1890 – ____________ tribe in South Dakota
Chief ___________ _______________arrested for violating law and inciting _______________________
-When he resisted arrest, he was shot by the army officers.
-120 men and 230 women & children surrendered and were rounded up.
-more than ___________ Sioux were killed. 10

11. Western Farmers and Railroads
Ch. 14 Section 2
Western Farmers and Railroads 11

12. Pacific Railroad Act 1862:
Government gave land to the __________________ and _____________ ____________ Railroads to build a _________________________ railroad.
Transcontinental railroad would connect _______ to _________
Travelers could go coast to coast in ten days or less after the ______________________was complete. 12

13. The Building of the Railroads
Built in _____________
Two companies
Central Pacific Railroad Company
Union Pacific Railroad Company
By 1893 there were 6 major railroad companies in the west
______________ immigrants worked in dangerous conditions 13

14. Why did America need Railroads?
___________________________ from East to West was not very good
________________ time from East to West took 6 months
It would help fulfill ______________ ________________________
The U.S. needed to keep up with other countries
_____________ links with China and Japan
Help to bring law and ________ to the West 14

15. Effect of the Railroads: Cheap land for people wanting to go West
Once the railroads were built the Railroad companies had no use for the _______________ land
_____________ land off cheaply
Settlers bought it and started to create communities in the West and Midwest
________________ turned into large ________
Tacoma, Reno, Fresno, and Albuquerque-grew from the railroad.
________________, St. Louis, and Omaha-major _________-_______________ centers. 15

16. Homestead Act Passed by ________________ in 1862
160 acres of _____________ land given to anyone who served in the _________________ army and was at least 21 years old
____________________ in many more settlers in the West
_____________________ were leading ________________ of cities in the West.
_________________ of the West increased by over 450,000 between _______ and ___________ 16

17. Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862
Passed to help support ____________________ ________________ by granting federal lands to states to form agricultural colleges.
Colleges such as Penn State and Texas A&M were two of first to use ____________ Act funding
_______________founded in 1855 and became agricultural school by 1880s
Not until the late 1800s did America as a whole focus on _______________________ as opposed to _________________________ 17