1. PASTEURELLA ANATIPHTER INFECTION (New Duck Disease, Infectious Serositis, Infectious serositis) Especially young ducks and turkeys are infectious diseases and other water birds can be affected by poultry such as chickens, pheasants. Symptoms of the disease include osteomyelitis, meningitis, and focal pneumonia.

2. Infectious Coryza
Etiology Haemophilus paragallinarum There are three serogroups (A, B, C)
Resistivity of Susceptible to environmental conditions

3. Epidemiology-1
An acute highly contagious upper respiratory tract infection
The natural host of the agent is chickens
Transmission is shaped by respiration and digestion
Chickens of all ages are susceptible to disease
The disease is more serious in chickens during the yield period
It spreads very fast in the poultry
High morbidity (60-100%)
Low mortality (1-10% if there is no complication)

4. Epidemiology-2 Decrease in growth performance in animals
Causes significant yield reductions in laying pets
Infection is widespread in many countries of the world and endemic in some regions
Chronic infected chickens are important in infectious infection
The disease is more common in autumn and winter
No vertical infection

5. Epidemiology-3 The incubation period is rather short (24-48 hours)
A sensitive cluster disease effect infects most of the animals within 72 hours
The disease affects the cohort for about 2-3 weeks, but it is longer in the case of secondary infection, especially in mycoplasma infections
Maintain survival of approximately 50 days in active infectious sinus exudate
Other infections (such as Mycoplasma, IB) increase the severity of the disease

6. Clinical findings and macroscopic lesions-1
Reduced feed consumption and water consumption in animals
Runny nose, facial edema, conjunctivitis, facial hair can spit on roosters
When the lower respiratory tract is affected, the lung sounds are noticeable
Arthritis and septicemia can be seen
Diarrhea has also been reported in some cases
Pneumonia and air intrusion may rarely be seen

7. Clinical findings and macroscopic lesions-2
Clinical findings and macroscopic lesions-2
Layer 10-40% decrease in animals
In cases where it is complicated with other bacteria, and in chronic conditions, the stomach is a stinking odor
Especially in H.paragallinarum infections in which Mikoplasma infections are present, head swelling may be confused with pneumovirus infection

8. Morbitide and Mortality-1
Although it varies according to the microorganism's virulence, in general infectious coryza cases have low mortality and high morbitide.

9. Morbitide and Mortality-2
Mortality and clinical symptoms; the age of the animals,
Inadequate poultry conditions, parasitic infections, malnutrition, exacerbate the course of the disease and cause prolongation.
In general, mortality increases significantly when infected with chickens, IB, ILT, CRD, Pasteurella.

10. Diagnosis-1 Isolation and identification of factors
Agent isolation is difficult
Isolation of agents possible in materials taken during acute period
The best material is the sinus content

11. Diagnosis-2
Serological tests
Agglutination
AGP HI
ELISA

12. Diagnosis-3
Molecular techniques
PCR
PCR-RFLP

13. Mixed Diseases CRD Chicken Chowder Chicken Flower SHS A-avitaminosis
Since the disease is usually in the form of mixed infections, differences in mortality can be seen.

14. Protection and Control-1
General measures
Chickens and piglets not taken from businesses with infections
Removal of infected carriers
Separation of growth cohorts and elderly swarms
Removing infected and diseased poultry
Emptying poultry should be left empty for at least two weeks

15. Protection and Control-2
Disinfection
The agent is sensitive to most disinfectants used in practice.
Biosecurity measures

16. Treatment Sulfonamides, erythromycin, tetracyclines, quinolones
Effective combinations of antibiotics sulphacloraprozine-sulfodimidin
chlortetracycline-sulphadimetoksim
sulphacloraprozine-trimethoprim

17. Vaccines-1 Inactivated vaccines can be used in endemic areas
The use of commercial vaccines is common
The vaccines should be prepared in chicken embryos, in strains, at least 108 cfu in cell cultures
After complications are losses may be reduced by vaccination.

18. Vaccines-2 9-12 months protection provided after vaccination
With vaccines, protection is only provided against the serovar prepared for the vaccine
There are live and attenuated vaccines
In recent years, there have been studies on recombinant vaccines.

19. Vaccines-3 There licensed vaccines used in Turkey
Vaccine 1. Serotype A, (083), Serotype B (Spross), Serotype C
(H-18)
Vaccine 2. Serotype A, Serotype C
Vaccine 3. Serotype A, Serotype B, Serotype C Vaccine 4. Serotype A, Serotype C

20. THERMOPHILIC CAMPYLOBACTER INFECTIONS (Campylobacter jejuni, C.coli, C.lari)

21. Campylobacter jejuni and other thermophilic Campylobacter species are among the most common causes of enteric infections in humans and animals. These bacteria, which are very common in broiler chickens, are the primary cause of infectious hepatitis in chickens. A large increase in the incidence of campylobacter infections in humans in recent years has increased the interest in this group of bacteria.

22. Thermophilic Campylobacter (C. jejuni, C. coli, C
Thermophilic Campylobacter (C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari) is colonized early in the intestines of poultry, and colonization reaches high levels until cutting. Contamination occurs in carcases in the course of cutting infected rats with Campylobacter, and these are potential sources of infection for humans. Campylobacter contamination has been identified throughout the world in all studies, particularly in the poultry of all poultry cultivated, especially in chickens, and in poultry meats served for consumption. Thermophilic Campylobacter species are also isolated in eggs. For this reason, these group factors are important for human health.

23. Campylobacter infections in poultry are examined under two headings
Campylobacter infections in poultry are examined under two headings. Avian Vibrioic Hepatitis Campylobacteriosis