1. Prepared by: Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid
University of Salahaddin-Erbil
Education College
Chemistry Department
Referencing Using The Harvard System
Prepared by:
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid

2. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
The Harvard System
The Harvard System is one of many available methods of referencing and is the preferred choice of most departments in the University. It is also called the Author - Date System.
However, students should check with their lecturers which system their course requires before they do their first assignments, reports and projects.
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

3. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Referencing using the Harvard System
When you have included information from published sources in your work, you must acknowledge this information fully and accurately by:
Identifying your sources, in a brief format, in the body of your written work (referred to as an in-text citation)
Providing a detailed list of your sources in an alphabetical list at the end of your work (known as a reference list).
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

4. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Referencing using the Harvard System
In-text citation
Reference list
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

5. When do you need to reference?
You should acknowledge your source with a reference whenever you include:
Mention of a theory, fact, argument or viewpoint attributable to a specific person.
Statistics, examples and case studies.
Illustrations examples from another source.
Direct quotations from another source.
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

6. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Printed Book (Hard Copy)
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

7. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Printed Book (Hard Copy)
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

8. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Electronic Book (Soft Copy)
URL Computing uniform (or universal) resource locator, the address of a World Wide Web page.
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

9. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Electronic Book (Soft Copy)
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

10. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Printed Journal Articles
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

11. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Printed Journal Articles
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

12. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Electronic Journal Articles
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

13. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
Electronic Journal Articles
Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

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Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing

15. Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing
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Lec. Hawraz S. Khalid Academic Skills Harvard Referencing