1. Editorial II British Journal of Anaesthesia
M. Yamakage 
British Journal of Anaesthesia 
Volume 88, Issue 5, Pages (May 2002)
DOI: /bja/
Copyright © 2002 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Techniques used for the study of airway smooth muscle. (a) Using high-resolution CT or a superfine fibreoptic bronchoscope technique, the internal diameter of a small airway can be measured. (b) Using a fluorescence technique, the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), a primary second messenger for smooth muscle contraction, and tension of tracheal/bronchial smooth muscles can be measured simultaneously. (c) As an electrophysiological approach, the patch clamp technique enables direct measurement of activities of membrane-associated channels, particularly VDCCs. (d and e) The effects of anaesthetic agents on the other second messengers, cyclic AMP and IP3, as well as receptor binding affinity, can be assessed using immunoassay techniques. Gq, G protein; PIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; PLC, phospholipase C; DAG, diacylglycerol; PKC, protein kinase C; CaM, calmodulin; MLCK, myosin light chain kinase.
British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /bja/ )
Copyright © 2002 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions